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The applications of Z-pinch are realized through dynamic hohlraum driven by Z-pinch, in which a uniform and symmetrical radiation field may be produced for ablating implosion of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsule, and the radiation sources may also be created for heating and backlighting the samples in opacity measurement experiments. The radiation field is essentially related to driven current, hohlraum configuration and material. In physics it is determined by energy transfer in the hohlraum. For rapidly obtaining the knowledge about the primary energy transfer chracteristics in the hohlraum, and its trends of variation in the configuration, linear mass of the load, and the driven current, the simplified model is used to simulate the dynamic hohlraum implosion. The obtained implosion kinetic energy of the cylindrical foam accords well with the kinetic energy obtained from a one-dimensional magneto radiation hydrodynamics simulation of Z-pinch-driven dynamic hohlraum. In the dynamic hohlraum for ICF the kinetic energy loss is important for the radiation field formation when the imploding wire-array plasma collides with the cylindrical foam, while ones for radiation source the kinetic energy loss and for the final implosion kinetic energy of the foam are both important. The maximum implosion kinetic energy of cylindrical foam is directly proportional to the square of the peak current, while the kinetic energy loss increases with the mass of cylindrical foam increasing. The mass energy density in the foam tends to increase, and in turn the radiation power is enhanced when the rise time of the current turns longer.
The applications of Z-pinch are realized through dynamic hohlraum driven by Z-pinch, in which a uniform and symmetrical radiation field may be produced for ablating implosion of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsule, and the radiation sources may also be created for heating and backlighting the samples in opacity measurement experiments. The radiation field is essentially related to driven current, hohlraum configuration and material. In physics it is determined by energy transfer in the hohlraum. For rapidly obtaining the knowledge about the primary energy transfer chracteristics in the hohlraum, and its trends of variation in the configuration, linear mass of the load, and the driven current, the simplified model is used to simulate the dynamic hohlraum implosion. The obtained implosion kinetic energy of the cylindrical foam accords well with the kinetic energy obtained from a one-dimensional magneto radiation hydrodynamics simulation of Z-pinch-driven dynamic hohlraum. In the dynamic hohlraum for ICF the kinetic energy loss is important for the radiation field formation when the imploding wire-array plasma collides with the cylindrical foam, while ones for radiation source the kinetic energy loss and for the final implosion kinetic energy of the foam are both important. The maximum implosion kinetic energy of cylindrical foam is directly proportional to the square of the peak current, while the kinetic energy loss increases with the mass of cylindrical foam increasing. The mass energy density in the foam tends to increase, and in turn the radiation power is enhanced when the rise time of the current turns longer.
The nonaxisymmetrical magnetic insulation would occur due to the disalignment of inner electrodes in long magnetically insulated transmission lines, or the nonuniform distributions of injected currents in induction cavities of magnetically insulated induction voltage adders (MIVA). The electron sheath profile is a very important parameter to characterize the nonaxisymmetrical magnetic insulation. In the past, the three-dimensional particle in cell simulation was usually used to determine the electron sheath profile, which is extremely time-consuming and inefficient. In this paper, a fast and efficient calculation method is proposed. The classical one-dimensional Creedon theory of the magnetic insulation equilibrium is generalized to a two-dimensional plane of (r, ) via introducing a parameter defined as the azimuthal mode number. Two-dimensional Creedon is developed to model the asymmetric magnetic insulation of the MIVA. Provided the azimuthal distributions of magnetic flux density on the cathode, which is in proportion to the cathode current, the two-dimensional Creedon model is numerically solved. A numerical solution method to calculate the electron sheath profile is proposed, and then the calculation error is also given. As the azimuthal distribution of magnetic flux density on the cathode meets a cosine function, the profile of the electron sheath is approximate to the Gauss function. As the nonuniform portion of cathode current increases, the electron sheath becomes more eccentric, and the calculation error is also much larger.
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