Vacuum phenomenon

Abstract

This article describes the theory of the formation of the vacuum phenomenon (VP), the detection of the VP, the different medical causes, the different locations of the presentation of the VP, and the differential diagnoses. In the human body, the cavitation effect is recognized on radiological studies; it is called the VP. The mechanism responsible for the formation of the VP is as follows: if an enclosed tissue space is allowed to expand as a rebound phenomenon after an external impact, the volume within the enclosed space will increase. In the setting of expanding volume, the pressure within the space will decrease. The solubility of the gas in the enclosed space will decrease as the pressure of the space decreases. Decreased solubility allows a gas to leave a solution. Clinically, the pathologies associated with the VP have been reported to mainly include the normal joint motion, degeneration of the intervertebral discs or joints, and trauma. The frequent use of CT for trauma patients and the high spatial resolution of CT images might produce the greatest number of chances to detect the VP in trauma patients. The VP is observed at locations that experience a traumatic impact; thus, an analysis of the VP may be useful for elucidating the mechanism of an injury. When the VP is located in the abdomen, it is important to include perforation of the digestive tract in the differential diagnosis. The presence of the VP in trauma patients does not itself influence the final outcome.

Effect of traction on wrist joint space and cartilage visibility with and without MR arthrography

“…This was most likely due to arthrography lessening the vacuum effect between opposing joint surfaces. 20 Traction improved the visibility of nearly all articular cartilage surfaces. The improvement seen with traction in nonarthrography MR examinations was not as great as that seen with arthrography examinations, as contrast medium dispersion along the joint spaces has the added benefit of improving contrast differentiation between opposing cartilage surfaces.…”

Dujų sankaupos stuburo kanale sukelta nervinės šaknelės kompresija. Klinikinio atvejo pristatymas

“…Daþ niau siai VF ap tin ka mas tarps lanks te li niø dis kø vidu je [2]. Tarps lanks te li nio dis ko VF me di ci ni në je li te ra tûro je dar va di na mas "va ku u mi nio dis ko fe no me nu" ar ba "fan to mi niu bran duo liu" [3,4].…”

“…Daþ niau siai ði pa to lo gi ja yra be simp to më ir ap tin ka ma de ge ne ra ci niø sàna riø li gø me tu [1]. Du jø san kau pø taip pat ga li ma ma ty ti kau lø lû þiø, os te o mie li to, me ta sta ziø, abs ce sø vie to se, dau gi nës mie lo mos at ve jais ar po chi rur gi niø in ter ven ci jø [1].Daþ niau siai VF ap tin ka mas tarps lanks te li niø dis kø vidu je [2]. Tarps lanks te li nio dis ko VF me di ci ni në je li te ra tûro je dar va di na mas "va ku u mi nio dis ko fe no me nu" ar ba "fan to mi niu bran duo liu" [3,4].…”

Development of a New Therapy-Oriented Classification of Intervertebral Vacuum Phenomenon With Evaluation of Intra- and Interobserver Reliabilities

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Vacuum phenomenon (VP), defined as the presence of gas within the joints, has been associated with multiple clinical situations such as advanced degenerative changes, fractures, and abscesses. 6 This anatomical finding can be demonstrated on X rays, computed tomography (CT), and/or magnetic resonance imaging and its clinical significance is still not well understood. Intervertebral VP is a common finding in advanced degenerative disc disease, especially in the lumbar spine and has been associated with low back pain.…”