Vacuum Inert Gas Atomisation of Cr-Mn-Ni Austenitic Steel Alloys

Dubberstein, Tobias; Heller, Hans P.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1265

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Centrifugal atomization uses the centrifugal force of rotating electrodes or discs to disperse molten material feed for droplet breakup 12 . Vacuum or soluble gas atomization uses the supersaturation of molten material feed by a soluble gas to induce atomization in a vacuum environment 13,14 . Ultrasonic atomization uses agitation of liquid material film or atomizing fluid by ultrasonic vibration to induce droplet breakup 15 .…”

Section: Working Principles Of Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Vacuum or soluble gas atomization uses the supersaturation of molten material feed by a soluble gas to induce atomization in a vacuum environment. 13,14 Ultrasonic atomization uses agitation of liquid material film or atomizing fluid by ultrasonic vibration to induce droplet breakup. 15 Atomization methods are commonly employed in the current market to produce fine spherical alloy powder.…”

Section: Types Of Atomization Routementioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomization of metal and alloy powders: Processes, parameters, and properties

Soong,

Lai,

Kay Lup

2023

AIChE Journal

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has been intensively studied over this decade due to the increasing demand of functional and precise materials in various industries. AM process leverages on the concept of layer by layer deposition or joining of a material at micro‐ or nano‐scale to produce the final products. As such, AM technology is widely used to manufacture products of complex geometries with high precision in a short time. As the quality and the performance of AM manufactured functional products depend on the quality and the cost of the atomized metal or alloy powder used, the use of powders of high size uniformity, high purity, high sphericity, high flowability, low cost, and no trapped gas bubble porosity is necessary. To this end, various metal production technologies were investigated and one of the popular technologies is atomization. This article reviewed the working principles of the various atomization technologies for the production of fine metal and alloy powders. The key atomization conditions discussed in this article include atomization type, material feed rate and temperature, atomizing fluid flow rate, type and temperature, cooling rate, and atomization pressure. In addition, several outlooks on the prospect and the optimization of atomization technologies were also discussed in this article.

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Section: Working Principles Of Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Types Of Atomization Routementioning

confidence: 99%

Atomization of metal and alloy powders: Processes, parameters, and properties

Soong,

Lai,

Kay Lup

2023

AIChE Journal

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“…Examining obtained PSD values, manufactured powders remain in a range of typical values for this atomization unit under comparison to previously published works. [45,46] Korobeinikov et al [46] reported that d50 decreases by enhancing of the spraying temperature and decrease in the spraying rate. Nevertheless, these tendencies are not fully realized in the current study.…”

Section: Powder Size Distribution and Particles Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing Fe–TiC Composite Powder via Inert Gas Atomization by Forming Reinforcement Phase In Situ

et al. 2020

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Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are materials that have a ductile matrix reinforced with a hard ceramic phase. This combination gives advanced mechanical and functional properties, such as high yield and tensile strength, modulus, and wear resistance. [1-4] Therefore, these materials are widely utilized in automotive, aerospace, medicine, and other high-tech industries. Traditionally, MMC materials are fabricated via the powder metallurgy route, where metal and ceramic powders are premixed and then sintered. [5] As the reinforcement phase, carbides, oxides, nitrides, and borides are normally implemented. Due to the rapid development of the additive manufacturing (AM) market, there is a demand for new materials that can be fabricated additively including MMCs. Moreover, MMCs are normally hard to machine adjusting a semiproduct to a final shape. Thus, manufacturing a nearnet-shape MMC product is an attractive solution, which can further promote the introduction of AM techniques. Dadbakhsh et al. [6] reviewed several attempts of MMC manufacturing via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) dealing with Al-, Ti-, and steel-based materials. Specifically, Yuan et al. [7] produced AlSi10Mg-5.8 vol% TiC composite material finding the optimal parameters for the sufficient distribution of the TiC-phase during a L-PBF process. Gu et al. [8] fabricated the Ti/TiC composite revealing a dependence of the reinforcement phase shape and its distribution in the matrix on the L-PBF process parameters and TiC content (up to 22.5 wt%). AlMangour et al. [9] investigated 316 L/TiC MMC with varying reinforcement phase content from 2.5 to 15 vol%. These examples describe the ex situ addition of the reinforcement phase to the matrix by mixing metal and TiC powders prior to the printing process. As an alternative, it is possible to fabricate the reinforcement phase in situ bringing needed elements in contact. Tjong et al. [10] summarized the benefits of in situ formation of the reinforcement phase: enhanced thermodynamic stability, strong interfacial bonding, sufficient reinforcement phase distribution, and refinement, which further improve the mechanical properties of MMC. In the recent years, the in situ approach for AM gained much attention among researches. [11-25] For instance, Promakhov et al. [24] produced Inconel 625/TiB 2 MMC material applying self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Obtained blocks were grinded to a coarse powder and then plasma spheroidized yielding spherical particles with TiB 2 reinforcements of 0.5-5 μm size. Thereby, this powder was successfully utilized for test samples fabrication by direct laser deposition technique (DLD). AlMangour et al. [12] utilized for L-PBF mechanically alloyed composite powder. For this experiment, 316L-Ti-graphite mixed powders were milled for 35 h

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