Vacuum Arcs and Postarc Characteristic of Vacuum Interrupters With External AMF at Current Zero

Ge, Guowei; Cheng, Xian; Liao, Minfu; Duan, Xiongying; Zou, Jiyan

doi:10.1109/tps.2018.2816028

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…真空弧放电是一种发生在真空环境下的阴阳极放电现象，可电离几乎所有金属元素，而且产生的离子密度高，被广泛应用在加速器、石油测井用中子管、真空断路器、表面沉积和溅射、大功率真空开关等领域 [1][2][3][4][5][6] 。真空弧放电过程中，除产生金属原子和离子外，还会伴随产生金属液滴 [7][8][9] 。液滴是阴极斑喷射到真空中的金属颗粒，与阴极材料、表面熔融状态和等离子体参数等有关，对它的研究可以获得阴极斑内部信息，这对真空弧放电研究具有非常重要的意义。但在工程上，金属液滴属于大颗粒，沉积在样品表面会破坏材料表面涂层的均匀性，落在器壁上形成金属微粒降低器件绝缘强度，所以工程上希望尽量减少或避免金属液滴的产生 [10,11] 。因此，对金属液滴行为的研究是真空弧放电机理及器件应用研究的重要科学问题，具有非常重要的意义。目前研究真空弧液滴最常用的方法是收集法。它是一种离线测量方法，通过在阴极附近放置一块表面洁净的收集板，等放电结束后用电子扫描显微镜观察收集板上的液滴数量和直径分布。通过这种方法，S. Anders 等人研究了钨、铂、铜等阴极金属材料和放电弧流对液滴直径分布的影响规律。对这些金属来说，液滴直径大多介于 0.1 um~50 um 之间，而且直径越大，数量越少；阴极材料熔点越低，液滴数量越多、直径越大；放电弧流仅影响液滴数量，不会改变粒径分布 [12] 。J.…”

Section: 引言unclassified

Mie scattering based on-line measurement of droplet from vacuum arc

Dong¹,

Tian²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Acta Phys. Sin.

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Metal droplet is produced accompanied with vacuum arc discharge, which is important to the research of cathode spot and the application of vacuum arc. The droplet comes from the cathode spot crater and can reflect the physical process of the cathode spot. However, it will destroy the uniformity of surface deposition in engineering and should be avoided as much as possible. The measurement of metal droplet usually adopts off-line collector, which could not obtain the signal of the whole space and singe arc. In order to on-line measure the droplet, a new method by the Mie scattering is introduced in this paper, and its feasibility is investigated. The characteristic of the scattering light of titanium droplet is computed by the simulation code. The results indicate that the scattering light of the small droplet is distributed at all angle. With the increase of the diameter, the scattered light is more and more concentrated in the forward direction, which provides the possibility for the inversion of the signals of the droplets with different diameters. Then the detector is designed with different annuluses. When the detector is divided into 35 annuluses, the light energy coefficient matrix is easy to solve and the measurement system has a good resolution. The experimental setup was built and the preliminary experiment was carried out. The results indicate that the diameters of titanium droplets is mainly around 9.8 μm, which verifies the effectiveness of the Mie scattering method for measuring vacuum arc droplets. However, the small droplet information is not detected, so the droplet diameter distribution is quite different from the off-line measurement. The reason is that the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement system is poor, which cannot effectively obtain the scattered signals of the small droplet. The experimental setup need be optimized further.

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Section: 引言unclassified

Mie scattering based on-line measurement of droplet from vacuum arc

Dong¹,

Tian²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Acta Phys. Sin.

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“…In addition, they designed a zero zone residual magnetism compensation device for the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber with longitudinal magnetic contact and studied the arcing process under different compensation magnetic eld conditions as well as the effect of magnetism compensation on the postarcing current and breaking capacity of a breaker. [11][12][13][14][15] Cheng et al proposed a high-voltage DC VCB featuring a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber and an SF 6 arc extinguishing chamber connected in series, and tested its current breaking performance. [16][17][18] Song et al studied the method of controlling the motion and contraction of the cathode surface spots in vacuum arcing using a magnetic eld and analyzed how the magnetic eld component affects the cathode surface spot trajectories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Impact of Gap Difference on Plasma Distribution of Direct Current Vacuum Circuit Breaker with Double-Break

Huang,

Yin,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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During the fault current breaking process of a mechanical direct current vacuum circuit breaker (DC VCB) with double-break (DB), the mechanism's dispersion can result in a gap difference between the two breaks. A DB DC VCB breaking experiment platform is constructed in order to investigate the impact of gap difference on plasma distribution during the DB DC VCB breaking process. During the experiment, a high-speed camera is used to capture the vacuum arcing process at the two breaks under varying gap difference conditions. Then, the arc feature parameters and their variations during the zero zone process are extracted using image processing techniques, and the distribution patterns of plasma and arc energy at the two breaks are analyzed and compared. When there is no gap difference between the two breaks of the experimental DB DC VCB, there are no significant differences in arc energy and the sizes of high, medium, and low-temperature plasma zones between the two breaks. When there is a gap difference between two breaks, the break with the smaller gap has larger high and medium-temperature plasma zones, more concentrated arc energy, higher particle concentration, lower arc diffusion velocity and arc energy decay velocity, and a greater amount of residual plasma after the extinguishing of the arc. When the gap difference exceeds a certain threshold, energy spots appear on the contact surfaces, and a high concentration corridor of residual particles remains between the contacts after the current crosses zero, forming a breakdown weak point that eventually leads to arc re-ignition (hence interruption failure) under the action of transient recovery voltage (TRV).

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“…This results in a "post-arc current" (PAC) that is still flowing after vacuum arc extinction (e.g. early papers [1,2] or recent papers [3][4][5]). The PAC behavior of the contact gap is of central importance for the breaking performance of a vacuum interrupter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Arc Characteristics of High-Current Arcs in Vacuum Circuit-Breakers

Wenzel

Haas

2019

PPT

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The post-arc (PA) characteristics of vacuum arcs in transverse magnetic field contacts are studied for short-circuit currents of up to 123 kA peak and transient recovery voltages below 875 V. The measured PA currents are interpreted in terms of an Electric Resistance Model and the models of Andrews-Varey, Langmuir-Child, and Slepian-Schmelzle. Whereas in the late PA period, the calculations do not agree well with the measurements, the PA behavior is well described in the early period after current-zero. It is concluded that the PA discharge is amplified by ionization of metal vapor particles in the boundary sheath due to electron impact.

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Vacuum Arcs and Postarc Characteristic of Vacuum Interrupters With External AMF at Current Zero

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Mie scattering based on-line measurement of droplet from vacuum arc

Mie scattering based on-line measurement of droplet from vacuum arc

Study on Impact of Gap Difference on Plasma Distribution of Direct Current Vacuum Circuit Breaker with Double-Break

Post-Arc Characteristics of High-Current Arcs in Vacuum Circuit-Breakers

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