Vaccinomics, the new road to tick vaccines

Fuente, José de la; Merino, Octávio

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.049

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Here we investigated and compared the potential of two HlFERs as targets for the control of the hard tick H. longicornis. RNAi is a good technique for screening candidate antigens for vaccine development [12]. Our previous gene silencing studies showed that HlFERs are crucial to the blood feeding and reproduction of H. longicornis [17], providing protection against ironmediated oxidative stress [18] and making them good candidate vaccine antigens.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple approaches are currently being employed to screen tick antigens and evaluate their potential [12]. Our previous studies on two ferritins of the hard tick H. longicornis using RNAi showed that both are physiologically important in blood feeding and reproduction [17] by preventing iron overload and the occurrence of oxidative stress [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

Galay

Miyata

Umemiya‐Shirafuji

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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Background: Tick control is an essential aspect of controlling the spread of tick-borne diseases affecting humans and animals, but it presently faces several challenges. Development of an anti-tick vaccine is aimed at designing cost-effective and environmentally friendly protection against ticks and tick-borne diseases as an alternative to the use of chemical acaricides. A single vaccine from the tick midgut protein Bm86 is currently available for field applications, but its efficacy is limited to only some tick species. Identification of candidate vaccine antigens that can affect multiple tick species is highly desirable. The hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis has two kinds of the iron-binding protein ferritin (HlFER), an intracellular HlFER1 and a secretory HlFER2, and RNA interference experiments showed that these are physiologically important in blood feeding and reproduction and in protection against oxidative stress. Here we investigated the potential of targeting HlFERs for tick control by immunizing the host with recombinant HlFERs (rHlFER1 and rHlFER2).Methods: Rabbits were immunized with rHlFERs three times subcutaneously at two-week intervals. Antisera were collected before the first immunization and a week after each immunization to confirm the antigen-specific serum antibody titer by serum ELISA. Two weeks after the final immunization, the rabbits were challenged with tick infestation. After dropping, tick feeding and reproduction parameters were evaluated to determine vaccine efficacy. To demonstrate the effects of antibodies, oxidative stress was detected in the eggs and larvae.Results: The antibody titer of rHlFER-immunized rabbits greatly increased after the second immunization. Antibodies exhibited cross-reactivity with rHlFERs and reacted with tick native HlFERs in Western blot analysis. Significantly lower bodyweight was observed in the ticks infested from the rHlFER2-immunized rabbit compared to those from the control rabbit. Reduced oviposition and hatching rate were observed in both rHlFER-immunized groups. rHlFER2 showed a higher vaccine efficacy. The antibodies against rHlFERs were detected in the eggs, and higher levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in the eggs and larvae, of ticks from rHlFER vaccinated rabbits. Conclusion:Collectively, these results showed that HlFER2 has a good potential as an anti-tick vaccine antigen that may affect multiple tick species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

Galay

Miyata

Umemiya‐Shirafuji

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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“…As a functional analysis tool, RNAi has become very handy in elucidating the functions of different proteins from more than 10 hard tick species and a few soft tick species. It has been particularly helpful in screening potential target antigens for anti-tick and tick-borne pathogen vaccine development [157]. Several methods of introducing dsRNA in ticks have been employed but injection has remained to be the most widely used technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Interference – A Powerful Functional Analysis Tool for Studying Tick Biology and its Control

Galay¹,

Umemiya‐Shirafuji²,

MasamiMochizuki³

et al. 2016

RNA Interference

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Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) are blood-sucking arthropods globally recognized as vectors of numerous diseases. They are primarily responsible for the transmission of various pathogens, including viruses, rickettsiae, and blood parasites of animals. Ticks are second to mosquitoes in terms of disease transmission to humans. The continuous emergence of tick-borne diseases and acaricide resistance of ticks necessitates the development of new and more effective control agents and strategies; therefore, understanding of different aspects of tick biology and their interaction with pathogens is very crucial in developing effective control strategies. RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely used in the area of tick research as a versatile reverse genetic tool to elucidate the functions of various tick proteins. During the past decade, numerous studies on ticks utilized RNAi to evaluate potentially key tick proteins involved in blood feeding, reproduction, evasion of host immune response, interaction with pathogens, and pathogen transmission that may be targeted for tick and pathogen control. This chapter reviewed the application of RNAi in tick research over the past decade, focusing on the impact of this technique in the advancement of knowledge on tick and pathogen biology.

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“…For that purpose, research on molecular interactions between ticks and pathogens, as well as the identification of suitable targets for vaccine development, are major challenges for the implementation of new TBD control strategies [75]. Among these, target molecules playing key roles in vector capacity are particularly promising [76]. To date, the only commercially available antitick vaccine is based on the R. microplus midgut protein BM86 that interferes with tick feeding and subsequent egg production [77].…”

Section: • Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging horizons for tick-borne pathogens: from the ‘one pathogen–one disease’ vision to the pathobiome paradigm

Vayssier‐Taussat

Kazimírová

Hubálek

et al. 2015

Future Microbiology

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Ticks, as vectors of several notorious zoonotic pathogens, represent an important and increasing threat for human and animal health in Europe. Recent applications of new technology revealed the complexity of the tick microbiome, which may affect its vectorial capacity. Appreciation of these complex systems is expanding our understanding of tick-borne pathogens, leading us to evolve a more integrated view that embraces the 'pathobiome'; the pathogenic agent integrated within its abiotic and biotic environments. In this review, we will explore how this new vision will revolutionize our understanding of tickborne diseases. We will discuss the implications in terms of future research approaches that will enable us to efficiently prevent and control the threat posed by ticks.

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Vaccinomics, the new road to tick vaccines

Cited by 76 publications

References 88 publications

Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

RNA Interference – A Powerful Functional Analysis Tool for Studying Tick Biology and its Control

Emerging horizons for tick-borne pathogens: from the ‘one pathogen–one disease’ vision to the pathobiome paradigm

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