Vaccines for the Future — An Update

Ada, G. L.; Jones, P. D.

doi:10.1038/icb.1987.2

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…The use ofsynthetic peptides as vaccines is currently being explored for a number of infectious diseases, including malaria, hepatitis B, and AIDS (29). One hazard of vaccines based particulary on discrete peptides may be the variability in the response among different individuals with different HLA types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC-restricted recognition of immunogenic T cell epitopes of pertussis toxin reveals determinants in man distinct from the ADP-ribosylase active site.

Oksenberg

Judd

et al. 1988

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The S1 subunit of Pertussis toxin (PT) is responsible for the reactogenicity and in part the immunogenicity of Bordetella pertussis vaccine. The critical residues associated with the immunomodulatory effects of PT were located around Glu140 in the S1 subunit. In man, T cell responses to PT are directed at S1 peptides distinct from Glu140. Two such epitopes, p64-75 and p151-161, are immunogenic in a panel of individuals covering a wide range of HLA genotypes. The response to PT peptides is HLA class II restricted. The response to p64-75 is blocked by an anti-HLA-DQ mAb, while that to p151-161 is blocked by an anti-HLA-DR mAb. These findings may allow for the development of a B. pertussis vaccine free from reactogenicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC-restricted recognition of immunogenic T cell epitopes of pertussis toxin reveals determinants in man distinct from the ADP-ribosylase active site.

Oksenberg

Judd

et al. 1988

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Vaccination and the Immunological Control of Leishmaniasis

Alexander

1989

Leishmaniasis

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Humoral and cell‐mediated immune responses to recombinant vaccinia viruses in mice

1989

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Summary Intravenous (i.v.) immunization of mice with recombinant vaccinia viruses stimulated the highest antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses when i.v., intrapcritoneal (i.p). intranasal (in.), footpad (f.p.) and tail scarification (t.s.) routes were compared. Intraperitonea! immunization of mice resulted in high CTL activity, but low antibody responses. Antibody levels after in., f p., and t.s. immunization were slightly lower than following i.v. immunization. Although very low levels of CTL primary activity were stimulated by i.n. or f.p. inoculation of reeombinant vaccinia virus, levels of secondary CTL activity after in vitro restimulation of splenocytes were as high as those seen from i.v. immunized splenocytes. The effect of the thymidine kinase (TK) phenotype of the virus also was examined. Wildtype (TK positive) viruses replicated to a higher titrc in vivo and stimulated higher antibody and CTL responses than a TK negative recombinant virus. A recombinant vims that expressed the TK gene from herpes simplex virus at a low level was intermediate between wildtype and TK negative virus, both in virus replication in vivo and in immunogenicity.

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Vaccines for the Future — An Update

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

MHC-restricted recognition of immunogenic T cell epitopes of pertussis toxin reveals determinants in man distinct from the ADP-ribosylase active site.

MHC-restricted recognition of immunogenic T cell epitopes of pertussis toxin reveals determinants in man distinct from the ADP-ribosylase active site.

Vaccination and the Immunological Control of Leishmaniasis

Humoral and cell‐mediated immune responses to recombinant vaccinia viruses in mice

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