Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children

Pietrantonj, Carlo Di; Rivetti, Alessandro; Marchione, Pasquale; Debalini, Maria Grazia; Demicheli, Vittorio

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004407.pub4

Cited by 98 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 343 publications

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“…4 Persons were examined for onset of a seizure episode diagnosis with an initial onset from day 6 to 11 post their first dose of MMR vaccination. 5 Persons were examined for a seizure episode diagnosis with an initial onset from day 6 to 11 post their first dose of MMR vaccination and subsequent diagnosis of a seizure disorder within the first 10 years of life. 6 Persons were examined for a seizure episode diagnoses with an initial onset from 12 months through 16 months of age.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described previously, comprehensive reviews of the safety of MMR vaccines were undertaken by investigators affiliated with the Cochrane Review [4,5]. These researchers, after applying various inclusion/exclusion criteria regarding study quality and design, included in their review a total of three epidemiological studies examining the relationship between childhood MMR vaccination and the risk of seizures [7][8][9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Persons were examined for a febrile seizure episode diagnosis with an initial onset from 12 months through 16 months of age. 5 Persons were examined for a febrile seizure episode diagnosis with an initial onset from day 6 to 11 post their first dose of MMR vaccination and a subsequent diagnosis of a seizure disorder within the first 10 years of life (age of initial seizure disorder onset was considered to be age of an initial seizure episode diagnosis). 6 Persons were examined for a febrile seizure episode with an initial onset from 12 months through 16 months of age and a subsequent diagnosed of a seizure disorder within the first 10 years of life (age of initial seizure disorder onset was considered to be the age of an initial seizure episode diagnosis).…”

Section: Strengths/limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comprehensive reviews of the safety of MMR vaccines were undertaken by investigators affiliated with the Cochrane Review [4,5]. A meta-analysis undertaken by these researchers of published studies revealed that the onset of febrile seizures from 6 to 11 days post-MMR vaccination among children 12 to 23 months was significantly increased (relative incidence = 4.09, 95% confidence interval = 3.1 to 5.33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A longitudinal cohort study of childhood MMR vaccination and seizure disorder among American children

Geier¹,

Geier²

2021

Brain and Development

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Background: Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious infectious disease with significant morbidity/mortality. Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) is a live-attenuated vaccine used in the United States (US) to prevent measles. This retrospective longitudinal cohort study evaluated childhood MMR vaccination and the risk of a seizure episode and seizure disorder. Methods: The Independent Healthcare Research Database (IHRD) composed of records prospectively generated from Florida Medicaid was analyzed using SAS to identify persons continuously enrolled from birth for 120 months. Two cohorts were examined: 23,486 persons received at least one dose of MMR vaccine between 12 and 17 months (vaccinated) and 41,725 persons not receiving a measles-containing vaccine (unvaccinated). The daily incidence rate of an initial seizure episode (ICD-9 code: 780.3x) and seizure disorder (ICD-9 code: 345.xx) following an initial seizure episode diagnoses were examined using Cox proportional hazards ratio (HR) and time-trend models post-MMR vaccination compared to unvaccinated persons and in a self-controlled case-series (SCCS). Results: The daily incidence rate of an initial seizure episode diagnosed from 6 to 11 days post-MMR vaccination in comparison to 12 to17 months among unvaccinated persons was significantly increased (unadjusted HR = 5.73, p < 0.0001 and adjusted HR = 5.94, p < 0.0001) in HR models. The daily incidence rate of an eventual seizure disorder diagnosis among those diagnosed with an initial seizure episode from 6 to 11 days post-MMR vaccination was significantly increased (unadjusted HR = 17.7, p < 0.01 and adjusted HR = 17.4, p < 0.01) in comparison to the daily incidence rate of an eventual seizure disorder diagnosis among those diagnosed with an initial seizure episode from 12 to 17 months among unvaccinated persons. Time-trend analyses revealed a significantly increased rate ratio (RR) for an initial seizure episode (RR = 4.64, p < 0.0001) and seizure disorder (RR = 5.51, p < 0.0001) diagnoses. Time-trend SCCS analyses revealed a significantly increased daily incidence rate of an initial seizure episode (RR = 3.80, p < 0.0001) when comparing periods from 6 to 11 days post-MMR vaccination to 49-60 days post-MMR vaccination. The incidence rate of an eventual seizure disorder diagnosis among those with an initial seizure episode diagnosis from 6 to 11 days post-MMR vaccination compared to 49-60 days post-MMR vaccination was significantly increased (RR = 4.15, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Seizure episode and seizure disorder are rare consequences of routine childhood MMR vaccination.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strengths/limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A longitudinal cohort study of childhood MMR vaccination and seizure disorder among American children

Geier¹,

Geier²

2021

Brain and Development

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“…After adjusting for other factors, cases who never received MCV, were not yet qualified for MCV vaccination or had unknown vaccination status had 1.72 times higher odds of being confirmed measles compared to those who did receive the vaccination. A systematic review of 138 studies found that a single MCV vaccine reduces the risk of measles infection by 95% and 96% for two doses ( 38 ). Vaccination has dramatically reduced measles in all countries of the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Factors Associated with Measles in Larut, Matang and Selama Districts, Perak, Malaysia

Qamruddin¹,

Qamruddin

Malik³

2020

MJMS

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Objectives: To determine the incidence rate of measles and the factors associated with confirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was carried out looking at all suspected and laboratoryconfirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts between 2015 and 2019. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors for laboratory-confirmed measles cases. Results: The incidence rate for suspected measles showed an increasing trend from 2015–2019. For laboratory-confirmed measles cases, the incidence rate showed more variation with an increase to 36.11 per million population in 2017 from 5.67 per million population in 2015. The incidence rate later decreased to 10.99 per million population in 2018 and increased again to 24.47 per million population in 2019. From multiple logistic regression analysis, cases that fulfilled the case definition of measles were more likely to be laboratory-confirmed measles. On the other hand, a prior history of measles immunisation was a protective factor. Conclusion: Measles incidence is increasing in trend. Any suspected measles cases that fulfilled the clinical case definitions need to be further investigated. Immunisation should be promoted as they are effective in preventing and eliminating measles.

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What are the benefits and harms of varicella added to the childhood measles/mumps/rubella vaccine (MMRV or MMR+V)?

Burch¹,

Ciapponi²

2020

Cochrane Clinical Answers

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Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children

Cited by 98 publications

References 343 publications

A longitudinal cohort study of childhood MMR vaccination and seizure disorder among American children

A longitudinal cohort study of childhood MMR vaccination and seizure disorder among American children

Analysis and Factors Associated with Measles in Larut, Matang and Selama Districts, Perak, Malaysia

What are the benefits and harms of varicella added to the childhood measles/mumps/rubella vaccine (MMRV or MMR+V)?

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