Vaccines And Advanced Vaccines:  -A landscape for advanced vaccine technology against infectious disease ,COVID-19 and tumor

Cai, Xiaolong; Bai, Huajun; Zhang, Xiaoyan

doi:10.31219/osf.io/ypgx4

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…Adenovirus based vaccines showed promising results in clinical trials against several infectious diseases such as HIV, Malaria, Hepatitis C virus, Ebola virus, Tuberculosis, Rotavirus and also cancers such as Prostate cancer, Lymphoma, melanoma, and others [ 146 ]. It is noteworthy that several Adenovirus based COVID-19 vaccines have already been approved for human use such as ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or AZD1222 by University of Oxford and AstraZeneca, AD26.COV.2.S or JNJ-78436735 by Johnson & Johnson, Sputnik V by Gamaleya and Ad5-nCoV by CanSino Biologics Inc [ 147 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics approaches: Next generation vaccine design against West Nile virus

et al. 2021

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West Nile Virus (WNV) is a life threatening flavivirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. No preventive therapeutics including vaccines against WNV are available for human use. In this study, immunoinformatics approach was performed to design a multi epitope-based subunit vaccine against this deadly pathogen. Human (HLA) and Mice (H-2) allele specific potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes were shortlisted through a stringent procedure. Molecular docking showed selected epitopes that have stronger binding affinity with human TLR-4. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the stable nature of the docked complex. Furthermore, in silico cloning analysis ensures efficient expression of desired gene in the microbial system. Interestingly, previous studies showed that two of our selected epitopes have strong immune response against WNV. Therefore, selected epitopes could be strong vaccine candidates to prevent WNV infections in human. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations could be strengthening the validation of the vaccine candidate against WNV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics approaches: Next generation vaccine design against West Nile virus

et al. 2021

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“…Viruses like adenovirus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), measles virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) are engineered into the replicating vector form [ 106 ]. Usually, a low dose is sufficient to generate an immune response [ 107 ]. Typically, avirulent strains of the virus are chosen for vector construction, leading to harmless infection in immune-competent hosts.…”

Section: Developmental Status Of Various Vaccines Against Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exigency of Plant-Based Vaccine against COVID-19 Emergence as Pandemic Preparedness

2023

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After two years since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), more than six million deaths have occurred due to SARS-CoV-2, leading to an unprecedented disruption of the global economy. Fortunately, within a year, a wide range of vaccines, including pathogen-based inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines, replicating and non-replicating vector-based vaccines, nucleic acid (DNA and mRNA)-based vaccines, and protein-based subunit and virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines, have been developed to mitigate the severe impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. These vaccines have proven highly effective in reducing the severity of illness and preventing deaths. However, the availability and supply of COVID-19 vaccines have become an issue due to the prioritization of vaccine distribution in most countries. Additionally, as the virus continues to mutate and spread, questions have arisen regarding the effectiveness of vaccines against new strains of SARS-CoV-2 that can evade host immunity. The urgent need for booster doses to enhance immunity has been recognized. The scarcity of “safe and effective” vaccines has exacerbated global inequalities in terms of vaccine coverage. The development of COVID-19 vaccines has fallen short of the expectations set forth in 2020 and 2021. Furthermore, the equitable distribution of vaccines at the global and national levels remains a challenge, particularly in developing countries. In such circumstances, the exigency of plant virus-based vaccines has become apparent as a means to overcome supply shortages through fast manufacturing processes and to enable quick and convenient distribution to millions of people without the reliance on a cold chain system. Moreover, plant virus-based vaccines have demonstrated both safety and efficacy in eliciting robust cellular immunogenicity against COVID-19 pathogens. This review aims to shed light on the advantages and disadvantages of different types of vaccines developed against SARS-CoV-2 and provide an update on the current status of plant-based vaccines in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…The concept of the viral vector was first introduced in 1972 and was mainly used for gene therapy which was later utilized for vaccine preparation [11]. The advantages of utilizing viral vectors as vaccines are that it does not require any adjuvant to achieve high immunogenicity can stimulate the innate immune response leading to the production of interferon and inflammatory cytokines, precisely targeted gene delivery, improved gene transduction efficiency, enhanced safety, and efficacy and easy large-scale manufacturing [12,13]. The most commonly used viral vectors are adenovirus, poxvirus, measles virus, and adeno-associated virus.…”

Section: Viral Vector Vaccines Against Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccines for Prevention of Covid-19 – An Overview

SHANMUGAM

Sriram²,

George³

2022

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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The novel coronavirus and its emerging variants have continued to affect 50.4 million people worldwide, increasing the need for safe and effective vaccines. According to the World Health Organization guidelines, the efficacy of a vaccine should be at least 30% in all age groups and protect for a longer duration without any life-threatening adverse effects. At present, there are 319 vaccines in various stages of development, of which 16 are authorized for emergency use. Of these 16 vaccines, five vaccines are based on adenoviral vectors. This review is focused on understanding the safety and efficacy of the approved adenoviral vector vaccines for COVID-19, particularly highlighting the interim analysis of phase 3 clinical trials of AZD1222, Gam-Covid-Vac, Ad26.COV2.S, and AD5-nCOV vaccine. The efficacy of AZD1222, Gam-Covid-Vac, Ad26.COV2.S, and AD5-nCOV vaccine were found to be 70.4%, 95%, 66%, and 65.7%, respectively. Some serious adverse events such as deep vein thrombosis and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome were observed among AZD1222 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccinated individuals. Meanwhile, Gam-Covid-Vac and AD5- nCOV vaccines did not report any significant adverse events. In addition, we have also focused on the efficacy of these vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants such as B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1. Although the efficacy of these approved vaccines against novel SARS-CoV-2 variants, pediatric and geriatric population and long-term efficacy remains uncertain, they are reasonably efficient in preventing mortality due to COVID-19.

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Vaccines And Advanced Vaccines: -A landscape for advanced vaccine technology against infectious disease ,COVID-19 and tumor

Cited by 6 publications

References 127 publications

Immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics approaches: Next generation vaccine design against West Nile virus

Immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics approaches: Next generation vaccine design against West Nile virus

Exigency of Plant-Based Vaccine against COVID-19 Emergence as Pandemic Preparedness

Evaluation of Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccines for Prevention of Covid-19 – An Overview

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