Vaccine-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis: A case and systematic review

Chahal, Dev; Aleshin, Maria; Turegano, Mamina M.; Chiu, Melvin; Worswick, Scott

doi:10.5070/d3241037941

Cited by 33 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…It is believed that these events are the result of the response to virotopes antigen of vaccine in most of the cases. These virotopes antigen are preferentially expressed on the surface of keratinocytes, hence; lead to CD8+ T lymphocyte activation against epidermal cells and epidermal cells apoptosis with detachment at the dermal‐epidermal junction occur 19,20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extremely rare mucocutaneous adverse reaction following COVID ‐19 vaccination: Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Mardani

Asadi-Kani

et al. 2022

Dermatologic Therapy

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Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), is a type of delayed hypersensitivity reaction that requires urgent medical intervention. In the COVID‐19 era, COVID‐19 vaccines are currently being widely administered and mucocutaneous adverse reactions following vaccination have been reported; however, severe cutaneous adverse reactions associated with COVID‐19 vaccines including SJS/TEN, are extremely rare. Herein, we describe a case of COVID‐19 vaccination induced TEN which developed 1 day after receiving the first dose of Sinopharm COVID‐19 vaccine with favorable clinical outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extremely rare mucocutaneous adverse reaction following COVID ‐19 vaccination: Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Mardani

Asadi-Kani

et al. 2022

Dermatologic Therapy

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show abstract

“…TNF-alpha levels were shown to be elevated in skin biopsy specimens, blister fluid, and serum of TEN patients, encouraging the use of biologic therapy that utilizes anti-TNF-alpha action [12,13]. In one of the studies, a single dose of etanercept (Enbrel, Immunex Corporation, Seattle, USA) 50 mg/mL subcutaneously seemed to modify the course of the disease where significant reduction of edema and stop of disease development was noticed in just 24 hours [14]. In recent years, TNF-alpha antagonists have been used, and the majority of cases exhibited significant improvement with lesion formation ceasing within two days and complete resolution occurring within 20 days.…”

Section: Figure 9: the Graph Depicts The Pathogenesis Behind Virotopes Antigen In The Covid-19 Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, as compared to individuals who were given corticosteroids, there was a lower rate of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and decreased granulysin and TNF-alpha expression levels [15]. Plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and perhaps most promisingly TNF inhibitors such as etanercept are all treatment possibilities for vaccine-induced TEN [14]. However, the use of IVIG and high-dose systemic corticosteroids is still controversial [16].…”

Section: Figure 9: the Graph Depicts The Pathogenesis Behind Virotopes Antigen In The Covid-19 Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Post COVID-19 Vaccination - First Reported Case

Bakir¹,

Almeshal²,

Alturki³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a spectrum of acute, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions that affect the skin and the mucous membranes. Medications are the culprit cause of these disorders in addition to infections and in very rare instances vaccinations. We report a case of TEN in a 49-year-old woman with no previous medical history. The disorder developed one week after receiving the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine with no other identifiable causes. The patient received two doses of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor (etanercept) and she stopped developing new lesions after two days of the initial dose; complete healing was observed after 22 days and no side effects were observed in our patient. This case demonstrates an extremely rare complication to the COVID-19 vaccine. The benefits of receiving the COVID-19 outweigh the potential risk.

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“…The similarity may trigger immune cross-reactivity. Also, autoreactive B and T cells may be activated by vaccine antigens expressed on keratinocytes, leading to a CD8+ T-lymphocyte response against epidermal cells [ 19 ]. AZD1222 vaccine has been shown to produce a T-cell-specific response [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Various painful oral adverse reactions following COVID-19 vaccination: a case series

Chun

Jang

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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Background Adverse events are increasingly being reported with the growing COVID-19 vaccination rate. However, the current literature on orofacial adverse effects following COVID-19 vaccination are severely limited. With the continuation of the global vaccination campaign the incidence of oral adverse effects will inevitably increase. Case presentation Clinical characteristics and treatment results of nine patients who complained of pain and discomfort of the oral cavity following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were analyzed. Swelling and pain of the posterior palatal area, pain on palatal area of the central incisor, pain on the mucosa of the lip and lower gingiva, right preauricular region and right posterior lower gingiva, the buccal mucosa, tongue, and the right lower second molar area were the reported symptoms. Ulceration and swelling of the oral mucosa were found in certain cases. The symptoms were generally mild and responded well to medication within a relatively short period of time. Conclusion Oral adverse reactions following COVID-19 vaccination were manageable with treatment. Clinicians should understand the true nature of orofacial adverse reactions following COVID-19 vaccines and guide patients in decision-making.

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Vaccine-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis: A case and systematic review

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

An extremely rare mucocutaneous adverse reaction following COVID ‐19 vaccination: Toxic epidermal necrolysis

An extremely rare mucocutaneous adverse reaction following COVID ‐19 vaccination: Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Post COVID-19 Vaccination - First Reported Case

Various painful oral adverse reactions following COVID-19 vaccination: a case series

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