Vaccine Immunotherapy Strategies in Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Niccolai, Elena; Amedei, Amedeo

doi:10.4172/2168-9431.1000102

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…These treatments have resulted in significant benefits to patients with the majority of tumor types, and the clinical outcomes have become more satisfactory (2–4). To further increase this trend of improving treatment outcomes, new treatments are necessary; one option proposed for this is immunotherapy (5). It is recognized that multidisciplinary treatments should be used in cancer treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response, clinical outcome and safety of dendritic cell vaccine in combination with cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in cancer patients

et al. 2013

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The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical value of autologous immunocyte therapy as a standard treatment regimen for patients with cancer. A total of 121 patients with cancer were included in this study. Subsequent to performing leukapheresis using the Fresenius Kabi System, 1×107 dendritic cells (DCs) for the vaccine and 1×109 cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells for injection were prepared. An analysis of the immune phenotypes of HLA2DR, CD80 and CD83 for the DCs and of CD3, CD8 and CD56 for the CIK cells, as well as negative detection of bacteria and endotoxin, were used as the quality standards. The delayed-type hyper-sensitivity (DTH) skin test was used to measure the immune response, while physical strength, appetite and sleeping status were analyzed for the clinical outcome. Fever, insomnia, anorexia, joint soreness and skin rashes were recorded as side-effects. Patients received the DC vaccination once a week for six weeks and a CIK cell injection six times within four days. In total, 121 cancer patients with primary tumors located in the colorectum (43.0%), lung (15.7%), breast (11.6%), kidney (5.8%), stomach (4.1%) and other regions (19.8%) were included in the study. A positive cell-mediated cytotoxicity response rate of 76.9% was detected by the DTH skin tests. Improvements in physical strength, appetite and sleeping status were observed in 94.1, 83.9 and 76.3% of cases, respectively. None of the serious adverse side-effects that commonly occur during chemotherapy and radiotherapy were observed. During therapy, 69 cases developed a fever that was resolved with antipyretics, dexamethasone or physical cooling, while 28 cases developed insomnia combined with excitement, 19 cases complained of anorexia, 11 cases complained of joint soreness, which was alleviated using analgesics, and 8 cases developed skin rashes. The combined use of CIK cells with a DC-based cancer vaccination strategy may be used to target innate and adaptive immune mechanisms and synergistically promote positive clinical outcomes. The therapy was safe and no serious adverse side-effects similar to those caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy were observed. The regimen may have a beneficial effect in the future treatment of patients with cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response, clinical outcome and safety of dendritic cell vaccine in combination with cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in cancer patients

et al. 2013

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“…Clinical studies in 186 patients showed the safety of the vaccine, a high immunological response to the peptide and, most importantly, the potential clinical advantage of the vaccine [17]. Immunization with the E75 vaccine in combination with a granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) correlated with higher rates of recession-free survival and a lower relapse rate [18].…”

Section: Immunological Therapy Of Cancer Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Programmable Death (Pd-1) Receptor of T-Cells in Targeted Therapy of Melanoma

Mukantayev¹,

Mukanov²,

Zhylkibayev³

2018

Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology

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Oncogenic cells have intrinsic properties for evading attack by the immune system, which largely contribute to the oncogenic pathology. Therefore, the development of drugs that can block these properties represents an important goal toward obtaining effective strategies to cure cancer. Currently, monoclonal antibodies targeting the programmable cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligand (PD-L1) are widely used in targeted therapy, which show high effectivity in clinical studies resulting in a significant increase in the duration of anticancer immunity. The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway was recently identified as a mechanism of the negative regulation of the immune system, and as the main mechanism by which oncogenic cells evade the body’s immune system. Moreover, the expression of PD-1 receptor in the tumour microenvironment cells is related to several other signaling pathways involving both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. The interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibits the activity of cytotoxic T-cells and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes with increased T-cell suppressor activity. Consequently, the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway promotes tumour cells to evade the immune response. Therefore, blockage of PD-1/PD-L1 enhances antitumor immunity, reduces the number of T-cell suppressors and suppresses their activity, and restores the activity of cytotoxic T-cells. The PD1 receptor and it is ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 are representatives of the immunoglobulin superfamily and are part of the "immunological control points" system, the main functions of which include the regulation and modulation of the immune response, reduction of immune cell-induced damage in organs and tissues, and prevention of autoimmune processes. Accordingly, development of therapeutic anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies that could lead to the reactivation of a specific antitumor immune response is a promising strategy of tumour immunotherapy. To date, monoclonal antibodies blocking PD-1/PD-L1 have achieved good results and were approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

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Anticancer Potential of Lepidium Sativum Seeds Aqueous Extract on the Azoxymethane/ Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colon Cancer In vivo

Hussien

Ghazwaa

2021

CNT

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Background:: Colon cancer is responsible for increasing death rate worldwide. Commonly used anticancer drugs have various side effects and their clinical usage must be limited due to their toxicity. Objective:: The present research aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of Lepidium sativum L. (LS) seeds aqueous extract against azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced-colon cancer in male albino mice. Methods:: Low (200 mg/kg) and high (400 mg/kg) doses of LS seeds extract were used in treatment of induced colon cancer in different grades. Results:: The present results report that LS treatment for colon cancer mice, especially the high dose, decreases colon polyps/tumor incidence and size, tissues disorder, expression of P53 and increases apoptosis in colon tissue. Moreover, LS decreases micronucleus induction in polychromatic (PCE), increases PCE/normochromatic erythrocytes ratio and decreases the percentage of sperm abnormalities. Conclusion:: The present study reports LS anticancer potential for induced colorectal cancer mice by ameliorating the inflammatory steps of colon.

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Vaccine Immunotherapy Strategies in Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Cited by 3 publications

References 101 publications

Immune response, clinical outcome and safety of dendritic cell vaccine in combination with cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in cancer patients

Immune response, clinical outcome and safety of dendritic cell vaccine in combination with cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in cancer patients

Role of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Programmable Death (Pd-1) Receptor of T-Cells in Targeted Therapy of Melanoma

Anticancer Potential of Lepidium Sativum Seeds Aqueous Extract on the Azoxymethane/ Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colon Cancer In vivo

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