Vaccine efficacy of transcutaneous immunization with amyloid β using a dissolving microneedle array in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Recent insights into cutaneous immunization: How to vaccinate via the skin

“…It appears that dissolving or biodegradable microneedles are suitable for the delivery of conventional protein antigens as well as for the delivery of amyloid-␤ in a therapeutic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease [97,131,201]. Other advanced approaches use biodegradable solid or microparticle-containing tips whereby antigen or antigen loaded nanoparticles are released upon dissolution and degradation of the microneedle matrix [97,98].…”

New progress in active immunotherapy targeting to amyloid beta

“…Nakagawa and coworkers [31] wanted to test transcutaneous immunization in an AD mouse model by using dissolving microneedle array as a new immunization method, which would cause less damage to the skin. Unfortunately, they did not observe significant improvement in behavioral experiments and the immune response was a T h 1 and T h 2 mixed type, although a significant decrease in amyloid plaques was observed.…”

Current advances in transdermal delivery of drugs for alzheimer's disease

“…Although this system just offered a little improvement in cognitive function and Th2-dominant immune responses, it provide the novel, alternative therapy for treating AD and would be further investigated. [71]…”