Vaccine Approaches for Food Allergy

Rancitelli, Philip; Hofmann, Alison; Burks, A. Wesley

doi:10.1007/82_2011_126

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Specific immunotherapy of sensitized patients with recombinant and synthetic vaccines is most advanced for respiratory allergies, but approaches applied to respiratory allergens will be used to help develop defined vaccines for food allergy. Hypoallergenic allergen derivatives already have been made for several important food allergens and were evaluated in vitro and in animal models 143 ; a vaccine for fish allergies has been administered safely to patients in a clinical trial. 133 We therefore can expect profound advances in sublingual immunotherapy for food allergies through recombinant allergen-based vaccines in the near future.…”

Section: Allergen-specific Prevention and Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Allergies: The Basics

et al. 2015

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IgE-associated food allergy affects approximately 3% of the population and has severe effects on the daily life of patients—manifestations occur not only in the gastrointestinal tract but also affect other organ systems. Birth cohort studies have shown that allergic sensitization to food allergens develops early in childhood. Mechanisms of pathogenesis include cross-linking of mast cell– and basophil-bound IgE and immediate release of inflammatory mediators, as well as late-phase and chronic allergic inflammation, resulting from T-cell, basophil, and eosinophil activation. Researchers have begun to characterize the molecular features of food allergens and have developed chip-based assays for multiple allergens. These have provided information about cross-reactivity among different sources of food allergens, identified disease-causing food allergens, and helped us to estimate the severity and types of allergic reactions in patients. Importantly, learning about the structure of disease-causing food allergens has allowed researchers to engineer synthetic and recombinant vaccines.

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Section: Allergen-specific Prevention and Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Allergies: The Basics

et al. 2015

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“…They include various routes of administration and molecular forms of treatment based on recombinant allergens, hypoallergenic allergen derivatives, and allergen-derived peptides. 12-23 …”

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confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of a recombinant, hypoallergenic, peptide-based vaccine for grass pollen allergy

Focke‐Tejkl

Weber

Niespodziana

et al. 2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

118

120

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BackgroundGrass pollen is one of the most important sources of respiratory allergies worldwide.ObjectiveThis study describes the development of a grass pollen allergy vaccine based on recombinant hypoallergenic derivatives of the major timothy grass pollen allergens Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5, and Phl p 6 by using a peptide-carrier approach.MethodsFusion proteins consisting of nonallergenic peptides from the 4 major timothy grass pollen allergens and the PreS protein from hepatitis B virus as a carrier were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by means of chromatography. Recombinant PreS fusion proteins were tested for allergenic activity and T-cell activation by means of IgE serology, basophil activation testing, T-cell proliferation assays, and xMAP Luminex technology in patients with grass pollen allergy. Rabbits were immunized with PreS fusion proteins to characterize their immunogenicity.ResultsTen hypoallergenic PreS fusion proteins were constructed, expressed, and purified. According to immunogenicity and induction of allergen-specific blocking IgG antibodies, 4 hypoallergenic fusion proteins (BM321, BM322, BM325, and BM326) representing Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5, and Phl p 6 were included as components in the vaccine termed BM32. BM321, BM322, BM325, and BM326 showed almost completely abolished allergenic activity and induced significantly reduced T-cell proliferation and release of proinflammatory cytokines in patients' PBMCs compared with grass pollen allergens. On immunization, they induced allergen-specific IgG antibodies, which inhibited patients' IgE binding to all 4 major allergens of grass pollen, as well as allergen-induced basophil activation.ConclusionA recombinant hypoallergenic grass pollen allergy vaccine (BM32) consisting of 4 recombinant PreS-fused grass pollen allergen peptides was developed for safe immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy.

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“…Oral immunotherapy [76] has been proposed for desensitization in food allergy with the aim of inducing tolerance [77]. …”

Section: Treatment Forms Based On Recombinant Allergens and Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergen Peptides, Recombinant Allergens and Hypoallergens for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

Marth

Focke‐Tejkl

Lupinek

et al. 2014

Curr Treat Options Allergy

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Opinion statementAllergic diseases are among the most common health issues worldwide. Specific immunotherapy has remained the only disease-modifying treatment, but it is not effective in all patients and may cause side effects. Over the last 25 years, allergen molecules from most prevalent allergen sources have been isolated and produced as recombinant proteins. Not only are these molecules useful in improved allergy diagnosis, but they also have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of allergic disease by means of immunotherapy. Panels of unmodified recombinant allergens have already been shown to effectively replace natural allergen extracts in therapy. Through genetic engineering, several molecules have been designed with modified immunological properties. Hypoallergens have been produced that have reduced IgE binding capacity but retained T cell reactivity and T cell peptides which stimulate allergen-specific T cells, and these have already been investigated in clinical trials. New vaccines have been recently created with both reduced IgE and T cell reactivity but retained ability to induce protective allergen-specific IgG antibodies. The latter approach works by fusing per se non-IgE reactive peptides derived from IgE binding sites of the allergens to a virus protein, which acts as a carrier and provides the T-cell help necessary for immune stimulation and protective antibody production. In this review, we will highlight the different novel approaches for immunotherapy and will report on prior and ongoing clinical studies.

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Vaccine Approaches for Food Allergy

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Food Allergies: The Basics

Food Allergies: The Basics

Development and characterization of a recombinant, hypoallergenic, peptide-based vaccine for grass pollen allergy

Allergen Peptides, Recombinant Allergens and Hypoallergens for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

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