Vaccination with the pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate: a successful experiment but the species is adapting

Beall, Bernard

doi:10.1586/14760584.6.3.297

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Such increases have been most evident for serotype 19A, which accounted for 2.5% of IPD cases in children before 2000 and 36% of IPD cases in 2005 [24]. Rates of IPD caused by serotype 19A increased from 2.6 cases per 100,000 among children <5 years-old before PCV7 introduction to 8.9 cases per 100,000 in 2005 [6, 9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccines against Serotypes 6A and 6C

et al. 2008

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Background Because classical pneumococcal serotyping cannot distinguish between serotypes 6A and 6C, the effects of pneumococcal vaccines against serotype 6C are unknown. Pneumococcal vaccines contain 6B, but do not contain 6A and 6C. Methods We used a phagocytic killing assay to estimate the immunogenicity of 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in children and 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in adults against serotypes 6A and 6C. We evaluated trends in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by serotypes 6A and 6C using active surveillance in the U.S. Results Sera from PCV7-immunized children had median opsonization indices of 150 and <20 for serotypes 6A and 6C, respectively. Similarly, only 52% (25/48) of adults vaccinated with PPV23 showed opsonic indices greater than 20 against serotype 6C. During 1999–2006, the incidence (cases per 100,000) of serotype 6A IPD declined from 4.9 to 0.46 (−91%, P<0.05) among children aged <5 years, and from 0.86 to 0.36 (−58%, P<0.05) among persons aged ≥5 years. Although incidence of 6C IPD showed no consistent trend (range 0–0.6) among <5 year-olds, it increased from 0.25 to 0.62 (P<0.05) among persons aged ≥5 years. Conclusions PCV7 introduction has led to reductions in serotype 6A IPD, but not serotype 6C IPD in the U.S.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccines against Serotypes 6A and 6C

et al. 2008

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“…Most pneumococcal infection patients are children under the age of 5, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals (37). The current prevention strategies based on immunogenic properties of capsular polysaccharides rely on a 23-valent and a 7-valent conjugate vaccine, even though the latter does not offer complete serotype coverage (3,10,26). Pneumococcal infection treatments are impaired by the increased number of clinical strains resistant to single or multiple antibiotherapies (11,39).…”

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confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniaeCholine-Binding Protein E Interaction with Plasminogen/Plasmin Stimulates Migration across the Extracellular Matrix

et al. 2008

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The virulence mechanisms leading Streptococcus pneumoniae to convert from nasopharyngeal colonization to a tissue-invasive phenotype are still largely unknown. Proliferation of infection requires penetration of the extracellular matrix, which occurs by recruitment of host proteases to the bacterial cell surface. We present evidence supporting the role of choline-binding protein E (CBPE) (a member of the surface-exposed cholinebinding protein family) as an important receptor for human plasminogen, the precursor of plasmin. The results of ligand overlay blot analyses, solid-phase binding assays, and surface plasmon resonance experiments support the idea of an interaction between CBPE and plasminogen. We have shown that the phosphorylcholine esterase (Pce) domain of CBPE interacts with the plasminogen kringle domains. Analysis of the crystal structure of the Pce domain, followed by site-directed mutagenesis, allowed the identification of the plasminogen-binding region composed in part by lysine residues, some of which map in a linear fashion on the surface of the Pce domain. The biological relevance of the CBPE-plasminogen interaction is supported by the fact that, compared to the wild-type strain, a mutant of pneumococcus with the cbpE gene deleted (i) displays a reduced level of plasminogen binding and plasmin activation and (ii) shows reduced ability to cross the extracellular matrix in an in vitro model. These results support the idea of a physiological role for the CBPE-plasminogen interaction in pneumococcal dissemination into human tissue.

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“…Ya es una realidad que ciertos serotipos no incluidos en dicha vacuna se detectan de forma progresivamente más incidente tanto como productores de ENI como en portadores sanos 100 (En EE.UU. y en Europa los serotipos 15A, 15B, 22F, 23A, 24F, 33F y 35B).…”

Section: Perspectivas De Futurounclassified

“…La mejor estrategia parece que sería desarrollar una vacuna a partir de alguna proteína común a todos los neumococos, o una combinación de proteínas que cubriese eficientemente todas las cepas 2,100 . Se experimenta con varias candidatas (proteína A de la superficie, proteína A ligadora de colina, neumolisina) y la vacuna ideal probablemente sería la que consiguiese evitar tanto la colonización nasofaríngea como la extensión de las bacterias en forma de ENI 103 .…”

Section: Perspectivas De Futurounclassified

Estado de portador de neumococo en niños y su relación con la enfermedad invasiva: ¿Qué ha cambiado tras la introducción de la vacuna conjugada?

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2010

Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria

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Vaccination with the pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate: a successful experiment but the species is adapting

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Differential Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccines against Serotypes 6A and 6C

Differential Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccines against Serotypes 6A and 6C

Streptococcus pneumoniaeCholine-Binding Protein E Interaction with Plasminogen/Plasmin Stimulates Migration across the Extracellular Matrix

Estado de portador de neumococo en niños y su relación con la enfermedad invasiva: ¿Qué ha cambiado tras la introducción de la vacuna conjugada?

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