VACCINATION TRIALS IN SHEEP WITH CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PASSIVELY ACQUIRED <i>CL. WELCHII</i> TYPE D ANTITOXIN IN LAMBS

Oxer, D. T.; Minty, D. W.; Liefman, C. E.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1971.tb02120.x

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Calves of A7treated dams had higher levels of PD antitoxin units on d 53 than calves of UB7-treated dams (1.62 vs .23, P < .05). Transfer of maternal antibody to lambs via the colostrum has been demonstrated by Oxer et al (1971). Vaccinating pregnant dams with A7 124 d before calving increased the PD maternal response in the suckling calf compared with UB7 treatment, and therefore vaccinating calves at 50 d of age may not be necessary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridial vaccination efficacy on stimulating and maintaining an immune response in beef cows and calves.

Troxel

Burke

Wallace

et al. 1997

Journal of Animal Science

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Experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy in stimulating and maintaining an immune response in the presence of maternal antibodies, compare the extent of the anamnestic responses to revaccination, and compare the maternal antibody response of 2- or 5-mL clostridial vaccination. In Exp. 1, 118 nursing calves were randomly assigned to receive a 2-mL (Alpha-7, A7) or a 5-mL clostridial vaccine (Ultrabac 7; UB7) at 50.4 +/- 15.30 (X +/- SD) d of age (d 0 = date of calving). Calves were revaccinated with the same treatment on d 170. Blood samples were collected from 10 calves of each treatment group on d 50, 170, and 191 to determine antitoxin units for Clostridium perfringens type C (PC) and D (PD) and agglutination titers for Cl. chauvoei (CC). The A7-treated calves tended (P< .10) to have higher PC units on d 170, an increased rate of change in PD units from d 170 to d 191 (P < .06), and a tendency (P < .10) for enhanced CC titers on d 191 compared with UB7-treated calves. In Exp. 2, 109 pregnant cows and 83 pregnant heifers were randomly assigned within a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design. The main effects were dam age (cow or heifer), dam treatment (A7 or UB7), and calf treatment (A7 or UB7). Dams were vaccinated with A7 or UB7 d 124 prepartum (d -124) and d 53 after birth. At d 53.4 +/- 12.88, calves were vaccinated with A7 or UB7 (d 53). Calves were revaccinated with the same treatment on d 173. Blood samples were collected from 10 dams per treatment group on d -124, 53, and 173 and from their calves on d 53, 173, and 194. Cows had higher antitoxin levels for PC (P < .01) and PD (P < .05) than heifers. The A7-treated dams had higher (P < .01) PD units on d 53 and d 173 and CC on d 173 than did UB7-treated dams. Calves from A7-treated cows had higher (P < .03) PD units on d 53 than calves from UB7-treated cows. The A7-treated calves had higher titers for CC (P < .01) on d 173 than did UB7-treated calves, and this enhanced level seemed to continue to d 194 (P < .08). In conclusion, titers for clostridial diseases in 50- to 53-d-old calves can be enhanced if dams are vaccinated approximately 4 mo before calving, and 120 d between clostridial vaccinations seems to be too long for adequate protection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridial vaccination efficacy on stimulating and maintaining an immune response in beef cows and calves.

Troxel

Burke

Wallace

et al. 1997

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Blackwell and others (1983) arbitrarily classified goats with antibody levels of less than 0.10 iu/ml as unprotected, those with 0.10 to 1.00 iu/ml as at risk, and those with more than 1.00 iu/ml as fully protected. In sheep, the level of protection reportedly varies between 0.10 iu/ml and 0.30 iu/ml (Smith and Marsh 1953, Jansen 1960, Sterne and others 1962, Wallace 1964, Oxer and others 1971). In this study, a relatively conservative approach has been adopted in which a titre of 0.25 iu/ml has been assumed to be the threshold for protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These vaccines consist of an epsilon toxoid (British Pharmacopoeia 1993) adsorbed on to an adjuvant (usually aluminium hydroxide). Immunity to enterotoxaemia in sheep has been studied comprehensively (Sterne and others 1962, Wallace 1964, Jansen 1965, 1967a, b, Oxer and others 1971), and there is evidence that sheep can be fully protected against the disease by vaccination (Jansen 1960). However, it is uncertain whether goats are protected from the disease by vaccination with a sheep vaccine.…”

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confidence: 99%

Variability of serum antibody responses of goat kids to a commercial Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxoid vaccine

Uzal¹,

Bodero²,

Kelly

et al. 1998

Veterinary Record

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Twenty-nine Angora goats were used in a trial of a commercial enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney disease) vaccine. The animals were allocated to four groups, of which three received an initial dose of vaccine, two also received a booster of the same vaccine either 28 or 42 days after the first vaccination, and the fourth remained as an unvaccinated control group. An indirect ELISA technique was used to measure the titres of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon antitoxin in serum samples taken before vaccination and 17, 28, 42, 59, 70, 86, 98 and 128 days after vaccination. There was a wide range of antibody titres after vaccination, and the great majority of the vaccinated animals had titres below the protective level, arbitrarily set at 0.25 iu/ml, by day 98.

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“…This was not the case, confirming negligible passive antibody interf e rence similar to trials on clostridial va c c i n e administration in sheep. 14 The trend of reduced response to Si n g vac vaccine in those weaners branded and castrated at the time of inoculation was interesting. The reduced response was not significant, but given that the older previously branded weaners we re caught in the calf cradle and dehorned also, had they been merely vaccinated in a race, the difference may have been greater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These dual antibody levels are inconsistent with natural e x p o s u re, where one type would pre d o m i n a t e , 8 but are consistent with passive immunity. Oxer et al, 14 using mouse neutralisation tests, showed in sheep that maternal immunity to C p e rf r i n g e n s t oxin persisted in a pro p o rtion of lambs for longer than 16 weeks. The presence of high levels of maternal antibody raise the possibility of interf e rence with vaccine response, as has been s h own for canine parvov i rus vaccinations in dogs.…”

Section: Scientificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative immunogenicity of two bivalent botulinum vaccines

At¹,

Ellis

et al. 1999

Aust Veterinary J

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VACCINATION TRIALS IN SHEEP WITH CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PASSIVELY ACQUIRED CL. WELCHII TYPE D ANTITOXIN IN LAMBS

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Clostridial vaccination efficacy on stimulating and maintaining an immune response in beef cows and calves.

Clostridial vaccination efficacy on stimulating and maintaining an immune response in beef cows and calves.

Variability of serum antibody responses of goat kids to a commercial Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxoid vaccine

Comparative immunogenicity of two bivalent botulinum vaccines

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