Vaccination of pregnant women against COVID-19 under martial law: a narrative review

Abstract

Background: Global vaccination programs against the coronavirus illness of 2019 (COVID-19) have been established as the primary measure to minimise and control the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. During pregnancy, it is assumed that the expectant mother and her fetus are both in danger from the possibility of a viral infection. Aim: to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of vaccination against COVID-19 for pregnant women and determine the impact of vaccination on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: In this review, English studies from common databases such as Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library with the keywords "Vaccination," "pregnancy," and "pregnant women," combined with keywords, involving "COVID-19," were involved. The end date for this review is March 2022. Scientific novelty: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of vaccination of pregnant women against COVID-19. Even though many studies assessed the efficacy of vaccination against COVID-19, most failed to determine the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination for immunocompromised patients, especially pregnant women. Additionally, the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on neonatal outcomes was evaluated. The practical significance of the obtained result: Concerns have also been raised about potential risks associated with vaccination during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Given these uncertainties, it is important for healthcare providers to carefully consider the risks and benefits of COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant women and their babies. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of vaccination on perinatal outcomes and to inform clinical decision-making around vaccine use in this population. Conclusion: The COVID-19 vaccination is a safe and effective way to protect pregnant women from the virus. The benefits of getting vaccinated outweigh the risks, as pregnant women are at an increased risk of severe illness and complications from COVID-19. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that pregnant women get vaccinated, and many healthcare providers also recommend it. However, it is important for pregnant women to discuss their individual situation with their healthcare provider before making a decision about vaccination. Overall, getting vaccinated can help to protect both the mother and her unborn child from COVID-19. Background: Global vaccination programs against the coronavirus illness of 2019 (COVID-19) have been established as the primary measure to minimise and control the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. During pregnancy, it is assumed that the expectant mother and her fetus are both in danger from the possibility of a viral infection. Aim: to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of vaccination against COVID-19 for pregnant women and determine the impact of vaccination on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: In this review, English studies from common databases such as Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library with the keywords "Vaccination," "pregnancy," and "pregnant women," combined with keywords, involving "COVID-19," were involved. The end date for this review is March 2022. Scientific novelty: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of vaccination of pregnant women against COVID-19. Even though many studies assessed the efficacy of vaccination against COVID-19, most failed to determine the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination for immunocompromised patients, especially pregnant women. Additionally, the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on neonatal outcomes was evaluated. The practical significance of the obtained result: Concerns have also been raised about potential risks associated with vaccination during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Given these uncertainties, it is important for healthcare providers to carefully consider the risks and benefits of COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant women and their babies. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of vaccination on perinatal outcomes and to inform clinical decision-making around vaccine use in this population. Conclusion: The COVID-19 vaccination is a safe and effective way to protect pregnant women from the virus. The benefits of getting vaccinated outweigh the risks, as pregnant women are at an increased risk of severe illness and complications from COVID-19. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that pregnant women get vaccinated, and many healthcare providers also recommend it. However, it is important for pregnant women to discuss their individual situation with their healthcare provider before making a decision about vaccination. Overall, getting vaccinated can help to protect both the mother and her unborn child from COVID-19.

Pelvic floor muscle exercises plus biofeedback versus pelvic floor muscle exercises for patients with stress urinary incontinence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Also, the non-significant superiority of the effect of adding BF to PFME over PFME alone regarding the amount of leakage rate could be attributed to the evaluation tool. Most of the included studies depended on pad tests to reflect the amount and frequency of leakage, but this may cause some limitations on the significance of the superiority of PFME with BF over PFME alone as it is a subjective assessment, which depends on individual reporting, which is variable across individuals and across all included study participants therefore, pad test may not reflect the actual improvement of leakage improvement [56][57][58]. The non-significant results regarding the cure rate are attributed to the very small number of studies assessing this outcome (only three) and the difference between the studies in the definition of the cure.…”