Vaccination of pregnant women against COVID‐19 in India and Indonesia: Moving beyond the opt‐in to the opt‐out option

Sarwal, Yamini; Sarwal, Tanvi; Sarwal, Rakesh

doi:10.1002/ijgo.13930

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The Government of India initiated COVID-19 vaccination in January 2021, targeting healthcare and frontline workers in the first phase and individuals aged ≥60 years and those with chronic diseases in the age group of 45–59 years in the second phase ( 1 ), which later on was extended to include all individuals ≥18 years except lactating and pregnant women to whom vaccination was approved in July 2021. ( 27 ) During the initial months of vaccination drive, people were reluctant in Kashmir for vaccination. Since the wrath of the second wave, more people have started to accept the vaccination, and our data were collected during the peak of the second wave, after which vaccination started to gain more acceptance in Kashmir ( Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-spike IgM, IgG, and anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies during the second wave of the pandemic: A population-based cross-sectional survey across Kashmir, India

Lone

Khan

Qurieshi

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundWithin Kashmir, which is one of the topographically distinct areas in the Himalayan belt of India, a total of 2,236 cumulative deaths occurred by the end of the second wave. We aimed to conduct this population-based study in the age group of 7 years and above to estimate the seropositivity and its attributes in Kashmir valley.MethodsWe conducted a community-based household-level cross-sectional study, with a multistage, population-stratified, probability-proportionate-to-size, cluster sampling method to select 400 participants from each of the 10 districts of Kashmir. We also selected a quota of healthcare workers, police personnel, and antenatal women from each of the districts. Households were selected from each cluster and all family members with age 7 years or more were invited to participate. Information was collected through a standardized questionnaire and entered into Epicollect 5 software. Trained healthcare personnel were assigned for collecting venous blood samples from each of the participants which were transferred and processed for immunological testing. Testing was done for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-spike IgM, IgG antibodies, and anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies. Weighted seropositivity was estimated along with the adjustment done for the sensitivity and specificity of the test used.FindingsThe data were collected from a total of 4,229 participants from the general population within the 10 districts of Kashmir. Our results showed that 84.84% (95% CI 84.51–85.18%) of the participants were seropositive in the weighted imputed data among the general population. In multiple logistic regression, the variables significantly affecting the seroprevalence were the age group 45–59 years (odds ratio of 0.73; 95% CI 0.67–0.78), self-reported history of comorbidity (odds ratio of 1.47; 95% CI 1.33–1.61), and positive vaccination history (odds ratio of 0.85; 95% CI 0.79–0.90) for anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies. The entire assessed variables showed a significant role during multiple logistic regression analysis for affecting IgM anti-spike antibodies with an odds ratio of 1.45 (95% CI 1.32–1.57) for age more than 60 years, 1.21 (95% CI 1.15–1.27) for the female gender, 0.87 (95% CI 0.82–0.92) for urban residents, 0.86 (95% CI 0.76–0.92) for self-reported comorbidity, and an odds ratio of 1.16 (95% CI 1.08–1.24) for a positive history of vaccination. The estimated infection fatality ratio was 0.033% (95% CI: 0.034–0.032%) between 22 May and 31 July 2021 against the seropositivity for IgM antibodies.InterpretationDuring the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, 84.84% (95% CI 84.51–85.18%) of participants from this population-based cross-sectional sample were seropositive against SARS-CoV-2. Despite a comparatively lower number of cases reported and lower vaccination coverage in the region, our study found such high seropositivity across all age groups, which indicates the higher number of subclinical and less severe unnoticed caseload in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-spike IgM, IgG, and anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies during the second wave of the pandemic: A population-based cross-sectional survey across Kashmir, India

Lone

Khan

Qurieshi

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Close vigil on the adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) with COVID-19 vaccines among pregnant women needs to be maintained to establish safety and identify adverse effects to boost confidence in vaccination 8 ) . This also assists in identifying the appropriate time for vaccination during pregnancy and the best time gap between doses 9 ) . Evidence regarding COVID-19 vaccination shows that vaccine safety has been a major barrier among pregnant women while accepting vaccines in general 10 ) , and the same has been reported as a main concern by the majority of pregnant women 11 , 12 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccination uptake and adverse events following COVID-19 immunization in pregnant women in Northern India: a prospective, comparative, cohort study

Thakur

Gupta

et al. 2022

J Rural Med

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Objectives:The most commonly used vaccine in India, Covishield, is a recombinant adenovirus vector vaccine for which safety data in pregnant women are not available. The present study was conducted to assess the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and monitor adverse events following COVID-19 immunization among pregnant women in northern India. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women registered with the antenatal clinics in Chandigarh Union Territory (U.T.) in northern India. The study included 247 pregnant women and a comparative group of age-matched, non-pregnant women (247) who received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and were followed up by telephone interviews for adverse events following immunization at three time points until 28 days after vaccination. Multivariate regression (logistic and linear) was used for the adjusted analysis, with adverse events following immunization and the duration of adverse events following immunization as the outcomes. Results:The COVID-19 vaccination uptake rate was 66.8% among the pregnant women. The 28-day incidence rate of adverse events following immunization among the pregnant women was 76.5%. The overall 28-day incidence of adverse events following immunization in pregnant women did not differ significantly from that of non-pregnant women (P=0.153). Conclusion:The Covishield vaccine is safe for pregnant women in India. Further follow-up of the cohort for feto-maternal outcomes needs to be conducted with an adequate sample size to confirm the overall safety profile of the vaccine.

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“…Lactating women should also be included as COVID vaccine candidates, as there are no known adverse effects on breastfeeding infants. There is a possibility of transplacental transmission of protective antibodies to the fetus, which may have a beneficial effect [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant and Lactating Mothers Attending Government Health Care Centers in Karaikal, South India

Niranjjan¹,

Nancy²,

Arulvijayavani³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction and aim: The Government of India has endorsed COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant and lactating mothers. However, the vaccine acceptance rate among this target group is not satisfactory. The study aimed to assess the awareness level, acceptance rate, and hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant and lactating mothers attending government health care centers and to identify the psycho-social factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Materials and methods: A government facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in various government primary and secondary health care centers in Karaikal for a period of six months. After Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) clearance, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from 904 pregnant and lactating mothers. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were employed. Results: Despite a high awareness level (87%), vaccine hesitancy was high (55%) among the study participants. In multivariate analysis, age > 30 years, primi mothers, lactating mothers with < 6 months old children, unawareness, and recent COVID-19 infection were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. Fear of side effects for baby and mother following vaccination and family pressure were the prime reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion: Despite sufficient awareness about the eligibility for COVID-19 vaccination, the acceptance rate was low. There is a dire need to motivate the higher age group, primigravidas, and lactating mothers at the community level to get rid of their fear factors related to vaccination.

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Vaccination of pregnant women against COVID‐19 in India and Indonesia: Moving beyond the opt‐in to the opt‐out option

Abstract: Synopsis In view of the continued threat of COVID‐19, and to synergize with routine antenatal care, COVID‐19 vaccination should become a default part of routine antenatal care with an opt‐out option.

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-spike IgM, IgG, and anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies during the second wave of the pandemic: A population-based cross-sectional survey across Kashmir, India

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific anti-spike IgM, IgG, and anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies during the second wave of the pandemic: A population-based cross-sectional survey across Kashmir, India

COVID-19 vaccination uptake and adverse events following COVID-19 immunization in pregnant women in Northern India: a prospective, comparative, cohort study

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Pregnant and Lactating Mothers Attending Government Health Care Centers in Karaikal, South India

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