Vaccination for the Prevention of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea in Cow-Calf Operations: A Scoping Review

Maier, Gabriele; Breitenbuecher, Jefferson Gc; Gomez, Jose Pablo; Samah, Festus; Fausak, Erik Davis; Noord, Megan Van

doi:10.1016/j.vas.2022.100238

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The Group A BRV is a globally distributed virus that causes calf diarrhea and leads to serious problems in newborn calves, including high mortality rates, increased treatment expenses, and impaired growth [ 39 ]. Currently, inactivated rotavirus vaccines are administrated to pregnant dams [ 2 ]. Compared with live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines are generally less potent at inducing immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inactivated vaccines are being extensively used for various infectious diseases in cattle, especially pregnant animals, allowing for the transfer of passive immunity to the offspring through colostrum during the neonatal period [ 2 ]. Inactivated vaccines can be administered as monovalent or bivalent formulations and sometimes even as multivalent blends with other antigens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of live attenuated recombinant Newcastle disease virus carrying avian paramyxovirus 2 HN and F protein genes to enhance immune responses against species A rotavirus VP6 protein

Soliman,

Nishioka,

Murakoshi

et al. 2024

Vet Res

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Numerous infectious diseases in cattle lead to reductions in body weight, milk production, and reproductive performance. Cattle are primarily vaccinated using inactivated vaccines due to their increased safety. However, inactivated vaccines generally result in weaker immunity compared with live attenuated vaccines, which may be insufficient in certain cases. Over the last few decades, there has been extensive research on the use of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as a live vaccine vector for economically significant livestock diseases. A single vaccination dose of NDV can sufficiently induce immunity; therefore, a booster vaccination dose is expected to yield limited induction of further immune response. We previously developed recombinant chimeric NDV (rNDV-2F2HN), in which its hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins were replaced with those of avian paramyxovirus 2 (APMV-2). In vitro analysis revealed that rNDV-2F2HN expressing human interferon-gamma had potential as a cancer therapeutic tool, particularly for immunized individuals. In the present study, we constructed rNDV-2F2HN expressing the bovine rotavirus antigen VP6 (rNDV-2F2HN-VP6) and evaluated its immune response in mice previously immunized with NDV. Mice primarily inoculated with recombinant wild-type NDV expressing VP6 (rNDV-WT-VP6), followed by a booster inoculation of rNDV-2F2HN-VP6, showed a significantly stronger immune response than that in mice that received rNDV-WT-VP6 as both primary and booster inoculations. Therefore, our findings suggest that robust immunity could be obtained from the effects of chimeric rNDV-2F2HN expressing the same or a different antigen of a particular pathogen as a live attenuated vaccine vector.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of live attenuated recombinant Newcastle disease virus carrying avian paramyxovirus 2 HN and F protein genes to enhance immune responses against species A rotavirus VP6 protein

Soliman,

Nishioka,

Murakoshi

et al. 2024

Vet Res

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“…rehydration, electrolyte administration, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [ 75 , 76 ]). Several vaccines against the enteric form are currently available [ 77 ]. Vaccines protecting against BCoV respiratory-associated disease are still missing.…”

Section: Most Common Infectious Agents Involved In Brd: From the Twen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the mechanisms of viral and bacterial coinfections in bovine respiratory disease: a comprehensive literature review of experimental evidence

Gaudino

Nagamine

Ducatez

et al. 2022

Vet Res

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most important diseases impacting the global cattle industry, resulting in significant economic loss. Commonly referred to as shipping fever, BRD is especially concerning for young calves during transport when they are most susceptible to developing disease. Despite years of extensive study, managing BRD remains challenging as its aetiology involves complex interactions between pathogens, environmental and host factors. While at the beginning of the twentieth century, scientists believed that BRD was only caused by bacterial infections (“bovine pasteurellosis”), we now know that viruses play a key role in BRD induction. Mixtures of pathogenic bacteria and viruses are frequently isolated from respiratory secretions of animals with respiratory illness. The increased diagnostic screening data has changed our understanding of pathogens contributing to BRD development. In this review, we aim to comprehensively examine experimental evidence from all existing studies performed to understand coinfections between respiratory pathogens in cattle. Despite the fact that pneumonia has not always been successfully reproduced by in vivo calf modelling, several studies attempted to investigate the clinical significance of interactions between different pathogens. The most studied model of pneumonia induction has been reproduced by a primary viral infection followed by a secondary bacterial superinfection, with strong evidence suggesting this could potentially be one of the most common scenarios during BRD onset. Different in vitro studies indicated that viral priming may increase bacterial adherence and colonization of the respiratory tract, suggesting a possible mechanism underpinning bronchopneumonia onset in cattle. In addition, a few in vivo studies on viral coinfections and bacterial coinfections demonstrated that a primary viral infection could also increase the pathogenicity of a secondary viral infection and, similarly, dual infections with two bacterial pathogens could increase the severity of BRD lesions. Therefore, different scenarios of pathogen dynamics could be hypothesized for BRD onset which are not limited to a primary viral infection followed by a secondary bacterial superinfection.

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“…Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), also known as calf scours or enteritis, is a gastrointestinal disease of pre-weaned calves that is associated with a high mortality [ 102 ]. Nutritional strategies play an important role in preventing the incidence of NCD in calves [ 103 ].…”

Section: Application Of Mulberry Tree Extracts In Animal Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Application of Morus and Its Extracts in Animal Production

Wang

Gao

Sun

et al. 2022

Animals

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Different components of the mulberry tree (fruits, leaves, twigs, and roots) are rich in active compounds, and have been reported to possess potent beneficial properties, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-allergenic, antihypertensive, and neuroprotective. The mulberry and its extracts can effectively improve the growth performance and fitness of animals. They not only possess the properties of being safe and purely natural, but also they are not prone to drug resistance. According to the literature, the supplemental level of the mulberry and its extracts in animal diets varies with different species, physiological status, age, and the purpose of the addition. It has been observed that the mulberry and its extracts enhanced the growth performance, the quality of animal products (meat, egg, and milk), the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory responses of animals. Furthermore, the mulberry and its extracts have antibacterial properties and can effectively moderate the relative abundance of the microbial populations in the rumen and intestines, thus improving the immunity function of animals and reducing the enteric methane (CH4) production in ruminants. Furthermore, the mulberry and its extracts have the potential to depurate tissues of heavy metals. Collectively, this review summarizes the nutrients, active compounds, and biological functions of mulberry tree products, as well as the application in livestock production with an aim to provide a reference for the utilization of the mulberry and its extracts in animal production.

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Vaccination for the Prevention of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea in Cow-Calf Operations: A Scoping Review

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Use of live attenuated recombinant Newcastle disease virus carrying avian paramyxovirus 2 HN and F protein genes to enhance immune responses against species A rotavirus VP6 protein

Use of live attenuated recombinant Newcastle disease virus carrying avian paramyxovirus 2 HN and F protein genes to enhance immune responses against species A rotavirus VP6 protein

Understanding the mechanisms of viral and bacterial coinfections in bovine respiratory disease: a comprehensive literature review of experimental evidence

Protective Application of Morus and Its Extracts in Animal Production

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