Vaccination coverage and factors associated with adherence to the vaccination schedule in young children of a rural area in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Background: Vaccination is an important tool for reducing infectious disease morbidity and mortality. In the past, less than 80% of children 12–23 months of age were fully immunized in Burkina Faso. Objectives: To describe coverage and assess factors associated with adherence to the vaccination schedule in rural area Burkina Faso. Methods: The study population was extracted from the Nouna Health and Demographic surveillance system cohort. Data from four rounds of interviews conducted between November 2012 and June 2014 were considered. This study included 4016 children aged 12–23 months. We assessed the effects of several background factors, including sex, factors reflecting access to health care (residence, place of birth), and maternal factors (age, education, marital status), on being fully immunized defined as having received Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), three doses of diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis and oral polio vaccine, and measles vaccine by 12 months of age. The associations were studied using binomial regression to derive prevalence ratios (PRs) in univariate and multivariate regression models. Results: The full vaccination coverage increased significantly over time (72% in 2012, 79% in 2013, and 81% in 2014, p = 0.003), and the coverage was significantly lower in urban than in rural areas (PR 0.84; 0.80–0.89). Vaccination coverage was neither influenced by sex nor influenced by place of birth or by maternal factors. Conclusion: The study documented a further improvement in full vaccination coverage in Burkina Faso in recent years and better vaccination coverage in rural than in urban areas. The organization of healthcare systems with systematic outreach activities in the rural areas may explain the difference between rural and urban areas.

Factors Influencing Childhood Immunization Uptake in Africa: A Systematic Review

“…Those mothers with at least primary or secondary school education were found to be about eight times more likely to have their children fully immunized compared with mothers with no formal education [55]. Many studies reported similar ndings [53,15,54,18]. This is more likely be due to the fact that as educational status of mothers is improving, the seeking behavior of children may perhaps increase which in turn may have positive impacts towards childhood immunization uptake.…”

“…For parental socio-demographic factors, three studies reported maternal age [30,31,33], ve studies reported maternal educational status [15,18,53,54,18], three studies reported paternal education [16,44,59], one study reported maternal occupation [16], two studies reported mothers marital status [37,58], two studies reported area of residence [18,53], one study reported wealth index [20], three studies reported family income [16,24,59], one study reported number of siblings [56], two studies reported religion [19,40], two studies reported nomadic life style [39,53] and ethnicity was also reported by two studies [48,53]. For child socio-demographic factors, child age was reported in two studies [55,56], whilst one study reported gender [42].…”

Antibiotic Prescription Patterns among Children Younger than 5 Years in Nouna District, Burkina Faso

“…8,9 Childhood vaccination coverage in the Nouna HDSS has increased over time, from 72% in 2012 to 81% in 2014. 10 The HDSS conducts a triannual census, in which all members of all HDSS communities are enumerated.…”

Pathogens of Vertebrate Animals as Invasive Species: Insights from South Africa

“…For this to happen, there must be a large enough host population with adequate contact rates between individuals. Further advantages are experienced by adaptable pathogens that can evolve to infect multiple host species (Jones 2007).…”

“…One may assume that a high population of susceptible hosts and a high transmission rate would increase the likelihood of an invasive disease becoming endemic. However, highly virulent pathogens which produce many copies of themselves for transmission to new hosts tend to cause severe disease and kill their hosts quickly (Jones 2007). Using the analogy of an uncontrolled wild-fire, large, rapid outbreaks of these diseases consume all the available fuel and then die out.…”