Vaccination against Streptococcosis and Lactococcosis

Immune profiling of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Lactococcus garvieae: Evidence in asymptomatic versus symptomatic or vaccinated fish

“…It is classically performed by intra‐celomatic injection of inactivated bacteria (either autovaccines or commercial formulations) when rainbow trout weigh at least 50 g and prior to the water temperature increasing over 15°C (Vendrell et al, 2006). A valuable protection is usually reached 3‐week post‐vaccination and remains for a period of 3–4 months up to 4–8 months with adjuvanted vaccines (Meyburgh et al, 2017; Pridgwon & Klesius, 2014; Vendrell et al, 2006). Within the general framework of the disease control, selected non‐specific immunological parameters could serve as indirect indicators of innate fish ability to fight the infection (Das & Sahoo, 2014; Yáñez et al, 2014), thus facilitating the infield diagnosis of the disease.…”