Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review

Khiav, Lida Abdolmohammadi; Zahmatkesh, Azadeh

doi:10.1007/s11250-021-02728-w

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…This, together with lower ATP requirements (as explained above), may explain the greater formation of biomass and FbFP in strain PR1 under oxygen limitation. The performance of PR1 strain in oxygen‐limited regimes makes it an attractive host for the production of vaccines and antimicrobial peptides under microaerobic conditions, which can be preferred over aerobic regimes, to enhance the product activity (Abdolmohammadi Khiav & Zahmatkesh, 2021; Christmann et al, 2023; Samadi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant protein expression in proteome‐reduced cells under aerobic and oxygen‐limited regimes

Lara,

Utrilla,

Martínez

et al. 2024

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Industrial cultures are hindered by the physiological complexity of the host and the limited mass transfer capacity of conventional bioreactors. In this study, a minimal cell approach was combined with genetic devices to overcome such issues. A flavin mononucleotide‐based fluorescent protein (FbFP) was expressed in a proteome‐reduced Escherichia coli (PR). When FbFP was expressed from a constitutive protein generator (CPG), the PR strain produced 47% and 35% more FbFP than its wild type (WT), in aerobic or oxygen‐limited regimes, respectively. Metabolic and expression models predicted more efficient biomass formation at higher fluxes to FbFP, in agreement with these results. A microaerobic protein generator (MPG) and a microaerobic transcriptional cascade (MTC) were designed to induce FbFP expression upon oxygen depletion. The FbFP fluorescence using the MTC in the PR strain was 9% higher than that of the WT bearing the CPG under oxygen limitation. To further improve the PR strain, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex regulator gene was deleted, and the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin was expressed. Compared to oxygen‐limited cultures of the WT, the engineered strains increased the FbFP expression more than 50% using the MTC. Therefore, the designed expression systems can be a valuable alternative for industrial cultivations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant protein expression in proteome‐reduced cells under aerobic and oxygen‐limited regimes

Lara,

Utrilla,

Martínez

et al. 2024

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…In today's livestock farming conditions, vaccination is a reliable way to control clostridium disease [51]. A vaccine helps the body's immune system identify and eradicate lifethreatening pathogens such as Clostridium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Feed Additive for the Prevention of Clostridial Disease in High-Yielding Dairy Cattle

et al. 2023

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The purpose of this research is to develop and test a new approach to prevent clostridial disease in cattle, based on the use of a new compound biologically active feed additive (BFA). Some properties of the separate components of BFA are characterized. The research showed that a strain of the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens159 has an expressed antagonism to toxin-producing strains of C. perfringens. When using the test strains of C. perfringens from the ATCC collection (13124 as type A, 10543 as type C, 12916 as type F), the anticlostridial activity of the tested strains varied, with size range of 14.0 ± 0.95–15.0 ± 1.28 mm of delayed growth zones. The bactericidal properties of lauric acid and the sorption properties of diatomaceous earth, included in BFA, were confirmed. The experiment was conducted on Holstein cows at the beginning of lactation (control, C (n = 15) vs. experimental E48 (n = 15), E80 (n = 15) and E112 (n = 15), 48, 80 and 112 g/head/day BFA, respectively. All cows were vaccinated with “Coglavax” (vaccine against bovine and sheep clostridial disease, Ceva-Phylaxia VeterinaryBiologicals, Hungary), reinjected two weeks before the experiment. At the end of the experiment (3.5 months after the vaccination and 3 months after the start of BFA feeding according to the scheme of the experiment), the immune response in the control and Group E48 to C. perfringens β-toxin remained at the initial level, while the response in Group E80 and Group E112 became higher under the influence of BFA feeding. Cows fed BFA saw a guaranteed improvement in non-specific resistance. The increase in serum lysozyme concentration in cows of Groups E was 1.01–2.91 mkg/mL vs. control (p < 0.001). TP, GLB, ALB/GLB vs. Groups C and E48 (p < 0.001); this stabilized and normalized while feeding Group E80 and E112 animals with BFA. They also had improved nitrogen, fat, mineral metabolism, as indicated by significant increase in ALB (p < 0.05), UREA (p < 0.01), CHOL (p < 0.01), and CHL (p < 0.01) vs. Groups C and E48. Consumption of BFA increased the amount of anti-oxidants in the blood (highest TAWSA values in Group E80 14.45 mg/g, p = 0.002). Serum TBA–AP/ CP ratio was directly related to TBA–AP (r = 0.87, p < 0.001), and decreased in Group E80. The milk productivity increased under the action of BFA; the average daily milk yield of the cows from the experimental groups for the period of the experiment (d0-d98) was 1.24–1.66 kg higher than that of the control. At the same time, Group E112 cows had a significant increase in milk yield (by 5.1%, p = 0.03 vs. Control). Thus, feeding BFA to dairy cows was found to improve resistance, prevent toxicoses and increase milk production of cattle, which can serve as an additional strategy for bioprotection of cattle against infection.

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“…Vaccines recommended for clostridial disease management in wildlife are generally used off‐label (Springer & Selbitz, 1999). Jerram (2019) and Khiav and Zahmatkesh (2021) describe the commercial clostridial vaccines administered to domestic animals and analyze their varying efficacies, as well as advantages and disadvantages. The different vaccines used in rhinoceroses identified in this review, the Clostridium species for which they offer immunization, and the recommended administration regimen by the manufacturers are summarized (Appendix S3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of clostridial diseases in rhinoceroses

Angwenyi

Hassell

Miller

et al. 2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Although rhinoceros conservation efforts are focused on anti‐poaching and combating wildlife trade, infectious diseases are an increasing threat to both free‐ranging and captive rhinoceros populations. Among these, clostridial infections with Clostridium perfringens, Paeniclostridium sordellii, and Clostridium novyi have caused acute disease in black and white rhinoceroses, characterized by a high mortality rate within very brief time spans. The acute nature, as well as limited knowledge of epidemiology, diagnosis, and management, make clostridial diseases an important threat to rhinoceros conservation. This article reviews historical cases of clostridial disease in rhinoceros with the aim of formulating a clearer understanding of the disease's epidemiology and using this information to make recommendations for its management in free‐ranging rhinoceroses. Acute colic and sudden death in rhinoceroses, together with necropsy findings of segmental hemorrhagic enteritis, should lead towards a tentative diagnosis of enteric clostridial disease, although detection and identification of specific toxins are required for a definitive diagnosis. Our findings indicate the need for further research into clostridial disease dynamics in wildlife species and provide the basis for this research in rhinoceroses.

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Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review

Cited by 13 publications

References 93 publications

Recombinant protein expression in proteome‐reduced cells under aerobic and oxygen‐limited regimes

Recombinant protein expression in proteome‐reduced cells under aerobic and oxygen‐limited regimes

Bioactive Feed Additive for the Prevention of Clostridial Disease in High-Yielding Dairy Cattle

A review of clostridial diseases in rhinoceroses

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