Vaccination Against Measles: Part III. Clinical Trial in British Children

Aldous, I. R.; Kìrman, Brian H.; Butler, N. R.; Goffe, A. P.; Laurence, G. D.; Pollock, T.M.

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5262.1250

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Attenuated measles virus vaccines, mainly derived from the Edmonston strain (Enders and Peebles, 1954), have been shown to confer substantial protection against the natural disease (Katz and Enders, 1959 ;Aldous et al, 1961 ;Katz et al, 1962;Goffe et al, 1963 ;Krugman et al, 1965), but these vaccines also produced varying degrees of fever and rash. Further attenuation of such vaccines has reduced but not yet abolished these adverse reactions (Schwarz, 1962 ;Hendrickse et al, 1964), and may diminish the antibody response (Benson et al, 1964).…”

Section: Pertussis Vaccines-prestonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Killed and Attenuated Measles Vaccines in General Practice

Watson¹

1965

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Pertussis Vaccines-prestonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Killed and Attenuated Measles Vaccines in General Practice

Watson¹

1965

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The preparation and performance in a clinical study (Aldous et al, 1961) have been described previously.…”

Section: The Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination of Infants with Living Attenuated Measles Vaccine (Edmonston Strain) with and without Gamma-globulin

Benson¹,

Butler²,

Goffe³

et al. 1964

BMJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first trials of measles vaccines in the United Kingdom were reported in 1961 by Aldous et al., when three living attenuated vaccines derived from the Edmonston strain (Enders et al., 1960) were compared at the Fountain Hospital. In many cases vaccination reactions were too pronounced for the vaccines to be suitable for routine use. However, in view of the high complication rate of measles in young children (Miller, 1964), it was considered important to continue clinical trials of measles vaccine rendered less toxic by further attenuation. The present paper describes four subsequent trials of vaccines prepared from the Edmonston strain but which had undergone a further series of passages in chick-embryo or chick-cell tissue cultures. In some of the trials the vaccines were given alone, and in others concurrently with gamma-globulin. Methods General PlanThe trials were carried out in healthy infants or young children with no previous history of measles. Four separate studies were made: in each of the first three, two vaccines were compared, and in the fourth one vaccine was tested. When two vaccines were compared the children were allocated at random to receive one or other vaccine. A serum sample was taken immediately before vaccination and a second sample four weeks after vaccination. Virus-neutralizing antibody titres were determined on the pre-and post-vaccination samples in parallel Vaccine 20: This strain was a descendant of Enders's Edmonston B primary seed virus, and had been subjected to a total of 77 additional chick-embryo tissue-culture passages at 33' C.The preparation and testing of vaccines 14, 16, and 20 followed the procedure described previously (Goffe and , modified by the inclusion of supplementary tests in embryonated eggs and chick-embryo tissue cultures. Thefinal vaccines were given a more extensive safety test in animals than had been used previously. The virus content of each batch was titrated in tissue culture, using HEp-2 cells, by the 50% cytopathic endpoint method. It was later checked by retitration of samples of the final vaccines, which were returned unused from some of the immunization sessions. The virus titres per human dose of the vaccine were as follows: vaccine 4a, 10"4 per ml.; vaccine 14, 10-32 per ml. ; vaccine 16, 1037 per ml. ; vaccine 20, 103.5 per ml.

show abstract

“…Krugman et al (1962) have reported that live attenuated measles-virus vaccine, prepared from Enders's strain (Enders et al, 1960) and given with gammaglobulin on or before the day of exposure, protected home contacts against measles, but the same regime started three days or more after exposure did not prevent the disease. While active immunization has been shown to give virtually complete and lasting protection, systemic reactions to vaccines used in the past have been unacceptably severe in some children (Aldous et al, 1961 ;Goffe et a!., 1963). The amount of fever and rash has varied with the degree of attenuation in different vaccines.…”

Section: Mac 0 93peiiaycmuiain Preliminary Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection After Exposure to Measles by Attenuated Vaccine Without Gamma-globulin

Gi¹

1963

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccination Against Measles: Part III. Clinical Trial in British Children

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Studies on Killed and Attenuated Measles Vaccines in General Practice

Studies on Killed and Attenuated Measles Vaccines in General Practice

Vaccination of Infants with Living Attenuated Measles Vaccine (Edmonston Strain) with and without Gamma-globulin

Protection After Exposure to Measles by Attenuated Vaccine Without Gamma-globulin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About