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Kitamura, Ryuichi; Kim, Sung Hoo; Laidet, Laura

doi:10.1023/a:1017959825565

Cited by 738 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In contrast, a number of studies have shown insignificant or negligible impacts of certain land use patterns on certain travel behavior (Boarnet and Sarmiento 1998;Boarnet and Crane 2001 There are also several well-known methodology issues when the impacts of built environment on travel behavior are examined. First, the correlation between travel behavior and neighborhood characteristics is at least partially explained by residential self-selection (Kitamura et al 1997;Krizek 2003a;Schwanen and Mokhtarian, 2005;Handy et al 2005;Mokhtarian and Cao 2008). Spatial self-selection is defined as the tendency for individuals and businesses to locate in areas that meet their travel preferences (e.g., those who tend to drive less are more likely to choose to live in transit-friendly neighborhoods).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For several decades, urban transportation researchers and policymakers have been trying to understand and potentially exploit the relationship between land use and travel behavior. The topic has received enormous attention, especially in terms of its connection to energy consumption, traffic congestion, and environmental quality (Cervero 1991(Cervero , 1996(Cervero , 1998Kitamura et al 1997;Frank et al 2000;Hanson and Genevieve 2004;Cao et al 2006; Levinson and Krizek 2008;Zhang et al 2009;among others). In addition, several policies focusing on transportation rules that target environmental and sustainability issues have been recently suggested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How built environment affects travel behavior: A comparative analysis of the connections between land use and vehicle miles traveled in US cities

Zhang¹,

Hong²,

Nasri³

et al. 2012

JTLU

143

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Mixed findings have been reported in previous research regarding the impact of built environment on travel behavior-i.e., statistically and practically significant effects found in a number of empirical studies and insignificant correlations shown in many other studies. It is not clear why the estimated impact is stronger or weaker in certain urban areas and how effective a proposed land use change/policy will be in changing certain travel behavior. This knowledge gap has made it difficult for decision makers to evaluate land use plans and policies according to their impact on vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and consequently, their impact on congestion mitigation, energy conservation, and pollution and greenhouse gas emission reduction.This research has several objectives: (1) re-examine the effects of built-environment factors on travel behavior, in particular, VMT in five US metropolitan areas grouped into four case study areas; (2) develop consistent models in all case study areas with the same model specification and datasets to enable direct comparisons; (3) identify factors such as existing land use characteristics and land use policy decision-making processes that may explain the different impacts of built environment on VMT in different urban areas; and (4) provide a prototype tool for government agencies and decision makers to estimate the impact of proposed land use changes on VMT.The four case study areas include Seattle, WA; Richmond-Petersburg and Norfolk-Virginia Beach, VA; Baltimore, MD; and Washington, DC. Our empirical analysis employs Bayesian multilevel modeling method with various person-level socioeconomic and demographic variables, and five built-environment factors including residential density, employment density, entropy (measuring level of mixed-use development), average block size (measuring transit/walking friendliness), and distance to city center (measuring decentralization and level of infill development).Our findings show that promoting compact, mixed-use, small-block, and infill developments can be effective in reducing VMT per person in all four case study areas. However, the effectiveness of land use plans and policies encouraging these types of land development is different both across case study areas and within the same case study area. We have identified several factors that potentially influence the connection between built environment shifts and VMT changes including urban area size, existing built environment characteristics, transit service coverage and quality, and land use decision-making processes.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How built environment affects travel behavior: A comparative analysis of the connections between land use and vehicle miles traveled in US cities

Zhang¹,

Hong²,

Nasri³

et al. 2012

JTLU

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Cervero and Kockelman (1997), Kenworthy (1989 &, Holtzclaw (1990), Frank and Pivo (1994), Kitamura et al (1997), Badoe and Miller (2000), and Roorda et al (2009) are examples of studies that assume that living in higher density neighborhoods contributes to the reduction of the motorization level. These assumptions have led some regions to try and implement such policies, including transit-oriented development, mixed land use, and different concentration schemes.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These assumptions have led some regions to try and implement such policies, including transit-oriented development, mixed land use, and different concentration schemes. Bagley and Mokhtarian (2000) provide an overview of early empirical studies of these policies and their effect on transportation Although there is a large body of research claiming to have found positive evidence of the effect of higher-density neighborhoods in reducing motorization levels, there is at least an equal number of studies showing no or little influence of the built environment on travel behavior (Handy 1996;Kitamura et al 1997;Boarnet and Sarmineto 1998;Crane and Crepeau 1998). There are also doubts as to whether land-use configuration itself affects travel patterns or whether people with dissimilar travel behavior preferences select different types of neighborhoods-what is often referred to as a "self-selective" process (see, for example, Dunphy and Fisher 1996; Pontes de Aquino and Timmermans 2010).…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-agent planning support system for assessing the role of transportation and environmental objectives in urban planning

Katoshevski-Cavari¹,

Katoshevski²,

Arentze³

et al. 2014

JTLU

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This paper analyzes 12 city plans that were developed based on environmental-sustainability indicators using a multi-agent model. The plans are based on three city forms and four types of city scenarios, each representing a different planning concept. The environmental indicators concern pollution from transportation, while the sustainability aspects relate to accessibility to facilities. The model supports planners in identifying the best city form considering the selected performance criteria. In this case study, a compact city form, coupled with mixed land-uses, performed best. IntroductionThe strengths and nature of the relationships between transportation, land use, and the environment are well documented (Hall 1996, for example). These relationships are key factors in developing a sustainable built environment. However, the fundamental question remains: How can planners strike a balance between these three aspects in order to develop an attractive built environment where travel is minimized and environmental quality attained? When considering the connection between the first two aspects, land use and transportation, Hall (1996) claimed that planners should consider these two factors as meshed together into a highly fragile combination. That is to say, connecting and harmonizing land uses and transportation so that both elements will coexist in a good manner is not easily accomplished. Hence, when a planner looks at these aspects, he must do so in a delicate manner to create a win-win situation.In dealing with the connection between land use and transportation, O'Meara (1998) argued: "The physical structure of a city cannot change overnight, but decisions about transportation and land use will determine how it is shaped over time. By building roads, rail lines or bike paths, city planners decide not only how people will move around, but also where the accessible and desirable buildings will be…" (p. 11). Newman and Kenworthy (1992) elaborated on the connection between land use and environmental aspects: "The great challenge in our cities is to protect individual freedom in locating land uses and to provide access to them, while maintaining the public qualities of clean air, safe streets, and attractive public spaces" (p. 360).Although the question concerning the optimized planning form still exists (a question which has a long history in planning research literature), it is commonly agreed that city structure and planning can help to develop a sustainable built environment. That is, urban planning can play an essential role in creating sustainable relationships between land use, transportation, and environment.The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of city form and planning ideas/scenarios on transportation, land use, and the environment in developing a sustainable built environment. In other words, can urban planners formulate a planning form/scenario that will reduce travel and consequently pollution while simultaneously creating a sustainable built environment by suggesting the opt...

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“…In recent years, there has been an increasing research interest in residential self-selection and a wide range of issues has been studied. These include the importance of travel-related attitudes in residential choice (e.g., Schwanen and Mokhtarian 2007;Chatman 2009), the interrelationships among built environment, attitude, and travel behavior (e.g., Kitamura et al 1997;Bagley and Mokhtarian 2002), and the methodologies to address residential self-selection (e.g., Bhat and Eluru 2009;Cao 2010), among others. Despite the number of studies on this topic, most of them have been conducted in North American cities, where residential choice is largely market driven and the housing system offers opportunities for individuals who can afford it to express their travel-related preference through their choice of built environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential self-selection, built environment, and travel behavior in the Chinese context

Wang

Lin

2014

JTLU

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Residential self-selection has been reported to be a factor confounding the observed relationship between built environment and travel behavior. By incorporating residential self-selection, studies have generated much insight into the causalities involved in the relationship between built environment and travel behavior. However, most of these studies were conducted in North American cities, where individuals may have the opportunity to realize their preferences in residential and transport mode choices. There are not many similar studies for other parts of the world, such as China, where residential and transport choices are probably more constrained than in North America. This paper aims to partly fill the gap by discussing the specificities of the residential self-selection issue in urban China and suggesting how to cope with this issue when examining the relationship between built environment and travel behavior in the Chinese context. We argue that studies addressing the residential self-selection issue in China need to consider the housing source, which has implications for residential choice, and acknowledge the importance of some travel-related attitudes such as preferences for short commutes, good accessibility to public transport, and proximity to markets for daily goods shopping.

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Untitled

Cited by 738 publications

References 13 publications

How built environment affects travel behavior: A comparative analysis of the connections between land use and vehicle miles traveled in US cities

How built environment affects travel behavior: A comparative analysis of the connections between land use and vehicle miles traveled in US cities

A multi-agent planning support system for assessing the role of transportation and environmental objectives in urban planning

Residential self-selection, built environment, and travel behavior in the Chinese context

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