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Gershenzon, M.; Il'in, S.D.; Fedotov, N. G.; Gershenzon, Yulii M.; Aparina, E. V.; Zelenov, V. V.

doi:10.1023/a:1006258205551

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Now we discuss experimental data. The T 2 temperature dependence of the electron-phonon scattering rate has been observed experimentally in various materials with a small value of the electron mean-free path: Au, [15][16][17][18] Ag and Mg, 18 Nb, 19 W, 8 CuCr, 20 Ti 1Ϫx Sn x ,Ti 1Ϫx Ge x , Ti 0.97Ϫx Sn 0.03 Sc x , 10,11,21,22 and Sn 1Ϫx Cu x . 23 In relatively pure materials (lϾ10 nm), at temperatures Tу10 K this temperature dependence may be attributed to the interaction with transverse phonons in the clean limit of the Schmid theory (q T lу1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron-phonon interaction in disordered conductors: Static and vibrating scattering potentials

2000

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Employing the Keldysh diagram technique, we calculate the electron-phonon energy relaxation rate in a conductor with the vibrating and static ␦-correlated random electron-scattering potentials. If the scattering potential is completely dragged by phonons, this model yields the Schmid's result for the inelastic electronscattering rate e-ph Ϫ1. At low temperatures the effective interaction decreases due to disorder, and e-ph Ϫ1 ϰT 4 l ͑l is the electron mean-free path͒. In the presense of the static potential, quantum interference of numerous scattering processes drastically changes the effective electron-phonon interaction. In particular, at low temperatures the interaction increases, and e-ph Ϫ1 ϰT 2 /l. Along with an enhancement of the interaction, which is observed in disordered metallic films and semiconducting structures at low temperatures, the suggested model allows us to explain the strong sensitivity of the electron relaxation rate to the microscopic quality of a particular film.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron-phonon interaction in disordered conductors: Static and vibrating scattering potentials

2000

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“…As unsaturated compounds similar to methyl oleate, such as oleic acid, have been observed in the atmosphere, NO 3 oxidation of organic particles likely plays a significant role in the atmosphere. Zhao et al 333 reported uptake coefficient of NO 3 to unsaturated fatty acid particles, finding very large g values of 0.27, 0.53, 0.72 and 1.01 for oleic acid, linoleic acid, g o 10 À3 (170-200 K) 324 Dry salts g = 0.002-0.49 (NaCl), g = 0.1-0.3 (NaBr), g = 0.16-0.2 (KBr), g = 0.33 (KI) 325,326,486 Dust g = 0.009-0.12 (Saharan dust), g = 0.034 (limestone) 327,328 Organics n-Hexadecane: 2.6 Â 10 À3 ; n-octanoic acid: 2.1 Â 10 À3 ; 1-octadecene: 1.6 Â 10 À3 ; 1-hexadecene: 2.3 Â 10 À3 ; heptamethyl nonane: 2.1 Â 10 À3 ; 1-octanol: 7.1 Â 10 À3 ; 7-tetradecene: 5.8 Â 10 À3 ; conjugated linoleic acid: 7.9 Â 10 À3 -( Z 0.12); nonconjugated linoleic acid: 0.15-( Z 0.13); oleic acid: 0.13À( Z0.07); Glycerol: 4.5 Â 10 À4 ; diethyl sebacate: (3.5-4.5) Â 10 À3 ; dioctyl sebacate: 3.9 Â 10 À3 ; squalane: 5.2 Â 10 À3 ; terminal C11 alkene (C 11 H 12 S) monolayer: 0.034; methyl oleate: 0.14; 317,331,332 oleic acid: 0.27; linoleic acid: 0.53; linolenic acid: 0.72; conjugated linoleic acid: 1.01; 333 levoglucosan: 1.3 Â 10 À3 ; abeitic acid: 2.3 Â 10 À3 ; nitroguaiacol: 2.6 Â 10 À2 335 Soot g = o4 Â 10 À4 -0.33 depending on soot type [336][337][338] a All uptake coefficients are at room temperature if not otherwise noted.…”

Section: No 3 Aerosol Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Nighttime radical observations and chemistry

2012

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The nitrate radical, NO(3), is photochemically unstable but is one of the most chemically important species in the nocturnal atmosphere. It is accompanied by the presence of dinitrogen pentoxide, N(2)O(5), with which it is in rapid thermal equilibrium at lower tropospheric temperatures. These two nitrogen oxides participate in numerous atmospheric chemical systems. NO(3) reactions with VOCs and organic sulphur species are important, or in some cases even dominant, oxidation pathways, impacting the budgets of these species and their degradation products. These oxidative reactions, together with the ozonolysis of alkenes, are also responsible for the nighttime production and cycling of OH and peroxy (HO(2) + RO(2)) radicals. In addition, reactions of NO(3) with biogenic hydrocarbons are particularly efficient and are responsible for the production of organic nitrates and secondary organic aerosol. Heterogeneous chemistry of N(2)O(5) is one of the major processes responsible for the atmospheric removal of nitrogen oxides as well as the cycling of halogen species though the production of nitryl chloride, ClNO(2). The chemistry of NO(3) and N(2)O(5) is also important to the regulation of both tropospheric and stratospheric ozone. Here we review the essential features of this atmospheric chemistry, along with field observations of NO(3), N(2)O(5), nighttime peroxy and OH radicals, and related compounds. This review builds on existing reviews of this chemistry, and encompasses field, laboratory and modelling work spanning more than three decades.

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“…Nitrate ions are typically present in sea salt aerosols and snowpacks as a result of reactions between halide ions and gaseous nitrogen oxides. − These reactions result in the conversion of Cl − and Br − to gaseous halogen products, with a concomitant increase in the number of nitrate ions in the condensed phase. Deposition of inorganic nitrate onto snowpack also occurs. ,, Calculations of nitrate concentrations on the Arctic snowpack quasi-liquid layer suggest that it could be as high as 0.3 μM .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Ion Photolysis in Thin Water Films in the Presence of Bromide Ions

et al. 2011

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Nitrate ions commonly coexist with halide ions in aged sea salt particles, as well as in the Arctic snowpack, where NO(3)(-) photochemistry is believed to be an important source of NO(y) (NO + NO(2) + HONO + ...). The effects of bromide ions on nitrate ion photochemistry were investigated at 298 ± 2 K in air using 311 nm photolysis lamps. Reactions were carried out using NaBr/NaNO(3) and KBr/KNO(3) deposited on the walls of a Teflon chamber. Gas phase halogen products and NO(2) were measured as a function of photolysis time using long path FTIR, NO(y) chemiluminescence and atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (API-MS). Irradiated NaBr/NaNO(3) mixtures show an enhancement in the rates of production of NO(2) and Br(2) as the bromide mole fraction (χ(NaBr)) increased. However, this was not the case for KBr/KNO(3) mixtures where the rates of production of NO(2) and Br(2) remained constant over all values of χ(KBr). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show that the presence of bromide in the NaBr solutions pulls sodium toward the solution surface, which in turn attracts nitrate to the interfacial region, allowing for more efficient escape of NO(2) than in the absence of halides. However, in the case of KBr/KNO(3), bromide ions do not appreciably affect the distribution of nitrate ions at the interface. Clustering of Br(-) with NO(3)(-) and H(2)O predicted by MD simulations for sodium salts may facilitate a direct intermolecular reaction, which could also contribute to higher rates of NO(2) production. Enhanced photochemistry in the presence of halide ions may be important for oxides of nitrogen production in field studies such as in polar snowpacks where the use of quantum yields from laboratory studies in the absence of halide ions would lead to a significant underestimate of the photolysis rates of nitrate ions.

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Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Electron-phonon interaction in disordered conductors: Static and vibrating scattering potentials

Electron-phonon interaction in disordered conductors: Static and vibrating scattering potentials

Nighttime radical observations and chemistry

Nitrate Ion Photolysis in Thin Water Films in the Presence of Bromide Ions

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