Untitled

Elliott, Scott; Shen, Mei; Blake, Donald R.; Rong, Lü; Russell, Armistead G.; Kao, C.Y.J.; Streit, Gerald E.; Zhao, X.P.; McCreary, Edward Iain; Rowland, F. S.; Brown, Michael J.; Turco, R. P.

doi:10.1023/a:1005726818613

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 171 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cl − is associated with biomass combustion [50,51], Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ is used as an indicator of municipal construction [32], and NO 3 − and NO 2 − is mainly formed by the oxidation of nitrogen oxides produced by combustion [52]. According to RPC1, the sources of WSIIs in the atmospheric dustfall in Lanzhou are extensive and belong to compound pollution.…”

Section: The Sources Of Wsiis and Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions and Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Dustfall and Topsoil in Lanzhou, China

Zhao

Duan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemical features of atmospheric dustfall and topsoil in the same region could reflect the processes of the migration, transport, and diffusion of pollutants in the atmospheric-soil system. Samples of atmospheric dustfall and topsoil were collected in Lanzhou City. The contents and correlation of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) and heavy metals in dustfall and topsoil were analyzed, the sources of heavy metals and WSIIs in dustfall were distinguished, and the potential ecological risks of heavy metals in dustfall and topsoil were evaluated. The highest contents of WSIIs are SO42− (18,594 mg·kg−1) and Ca2+ (10,070 mg·kg−1) in dustfall, and for SO42− (8271 mg·kg−1) and Na+ (1994 mg·kg−1) in topsoil. The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Ni) in dustfall are considerably higher than those in topsoil. Combustion of biomass and coal, transportation and industrial activities are the major anthropogenic sources of WSIIs and heavy metals in Lanzhou. Pollution of heavy metals except Cr and Ni in dustfall, and Cu, Cr, and Ni in topsoil was up to different degrees, where the pollution of Cd was serious. The risk of Cd in dustfall is high while moderate in topsoil. This research could offer a reference for the atmospheric particle pollution prevention and control in Lanzhou.

show abstract

Section: The Sources Of Wsiis and Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions and Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Dustfall and Topsoil in Lanzhou, China

Zhao

Duan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The emission control technology to meet these standards would most probably consist of a closed-loop, three-way catalyst control system with electronic fuel injection. The vehicle would be required to operate on unleaded fuel ( , ). This would be a significant change in technology for the Chinese passenger vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systems Evaluation on the Effectiveness of a Catalyst Retrofit Program in China

Jones¹,

Wilson²,

Norbeck³

et al. 2001

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A low-cost, rare-earth oxide (REO) catalyst has been recommended as part of China's retrofit program for Chinese carbureted vehicles. This study evaluated: (1) the emission reduction efficiency of the REO catalyst during chassis dynamometer testing on the FTP cycle; (2) the effect that fuel properties had on tailpipe emissions and catalyst efficiency; (3) the importance of vehicle premaintenance as part of a retrofit protocol; and (4) the emission reductions obtained following implementation of the program.Results also show that current in-use Chinese noncatalyst, carbureted vehicles operate excessively rich, resulting in extremely high emissions of CO, gaseous toxic compounds, and other non-methane hydrocarbon species (NMHC). Preretrofit maintenance alone has the potential to reduce these emissions by ∼50%. Dynamometer emission tests showed emissions reductions of >95% for hydrocarbons, CO, and gaseous toxics after retrofit of the REO catalyst. In particular, the relative unit health risk associated with the decrease in emissions of airborne toxic compounds using unleaded Chinese fuel was reduced from 6.33 to 0.30. (Use of low-sulfur California Phase II gasoline rather than current in-use Chinese fuel reduced emissions further.) Following implementation of the program, a followup study showed that in-use emissions benefits were considerably less than anticipated, primarily because of poor quality control at the retrofit service centers, a less aggressive preretrofit maintenance procedure, and unauthorized modification to the recommended retrofit control system. Overall results indicate that a carefully controlled retrofit program using REO catalyst technology can reduce emissions significantly. However, welldefined implementation guidelines, and strict adherence to these guidelines are needed to achieve maximum benefits.

show abstract

Anthropogenic VOCs

Reimann¹,

Lewis²

2007

Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Untitled

Cited by 19 publications

References 171 publications

Assessments of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions and Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Dustfall and Topsoil in Lanzhou, China

Assessments of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions and Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Dustfall and Topsoil in Lanzhou, China

A Systems Evaluation on the Effectiveness of a Catalyst Retrofit Program in China

Anthropogenic VOCs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About