V2X Support in 3GPP Specifications: From 4G to 5G and Beyond

García‐Roger, David; González, Edgar E.; Martín‐Sacristán, David; Monserrat, José F.

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3028621

Cited by 75 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The authors proposed an implicit acknowledgement method for improving packet delivery rate and developed a simulator named inventSim. Two main approaches for communication are DSRC by IEEE that supports vehicular ad-hoc WLAN technologies standardized as IEEE 802.11p and act as basis for European standard ETSI ITS-G5, and Cellular-based V2X (C-V2X), a proposal by the 3GPP, based on Long-Term Evolution (LTE), also known as LTE-V2X [31]. Recently, New Radio (NR) vehicle-to-everything has been specified in rel-16 standard of 3GPP based on 5G technology [32].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Flow Management of Autonomous Vehicles Using Platooning and Collision Avoidance Strategies

et al. 2021

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Connected Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) promise innovative solutions for traffic flow management, especially for congestion mitigation. Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication depends on wireless technology where vehicles can communicate with each other about obstacles and make cooperative strategies to avoid these obstacles. Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) also helps vehicles to make use of infrastructural components to navigate through different paths. This paper proposes an approach based on swarm intelligence for the formation and evolution of platoons to maintain traffic flow during congestion and collision avoidance practices using V2V and V2I communications. In this paper, we present a two level approach to improve traffic flow of AVs. At the first level, we reduce the congestion by forming platoons and study how platooning helps vehicles deal with congestion or obstacles in uncertain situations. We performed experiments based on different challenging scenarios during the platoon’s formation and evolution. At the second level, we incorporate a collision avoidance mechanism using V2V and V2I infrastructures. We used SUMO, Omnet++ with veins for simulations. The results show significant improvement in performance in maintaining traffic flow.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Flow Management of Autonomous Vehicles Using Platooning and Collision Avoidance Strategies

et al. 2021

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“…The C-V2X has been standardised by the 3GPP in Release 14 [ 7 , 31 ]. The lower layers of C-V2X are specified by the 3GPP for radio access, whereas the upper layers (i.e., applications, facilities, networking, transport and security) are reused from the ETSI C-ITS and DSRC standards.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the emergence of 5G, the use of cellular V2X (C-V2X) [ 6 , 7 ] is gaining more attention worldwide through the execution of promising trials of vehicular services [ 8 , 9 ]. For example, a mobile edge computing (MEC) infrastructure was deployed in Germany [ 10 ] along 30 km of the A9 motorway, where it was demonstrated that the vehicles can exchange information with an end-to-end latency below 20 ms using LTE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standards-Compliant Multi-Protocol On-Board Unit for the Evaluation of Connected and Automated Mobility Services in Multi-Vendor Environments

Sedar

Vázquez-Gallego

Casellas

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications enable real-time information exchange between vehicles and infrastructure, which extends the perception range of vehicles beyond the limits of on-board sensors and, thus, facilitating the realisation of cooperative, connected, and automated mobility (CCAM) services that will improve road safety and traffic efficiency. In the context of CCAM, the successful deployments of cooperative intelligent transport system (C-ITS) use cases, with the integration of advanced wireless communication technologies, are effectively leading to make transport safer and more efficient. However, the evaluation of multi-vendor and multi-protocol based CCAM service architectures can become challenging and complex. Additionally, conducting on-demand field trials of such architectures with real vehicles involved is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. In order to overcome these obstacles, in this paper, we present the development of a standards-compliant experimental vehicular on-board unit (OBU) that supports the integration of multiple V2X protocols from different vendors to communicate with heterogeneous cloud-based services that are offered by several original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). We experimentally demonstrate the functionalities of the OBU in a real-world deployment of a cooperative collision avoidance service infrastructure that is based on edge and cloud servers. In addition, we measure end-to-end application-level latencies of multi-protocol supported V2X information flows to show the effectiveness of interoperability in V2X communications between different vehicle OEMs.

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“…T HE The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has emerged as a new paradigm driven by the innovations in vehicular communications. In the IoV concept, vehicles are equipped with sensors, control and computing units, communication, storage, and learning capabilities, which allows the integration of smart vehicles with the Internet, transport infrastructure and other road users via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications [1], [2]. During long time, the only V2X solution was the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC), which is based on the IEEE 802.11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards 6G-Enabled Internet of Vehicles: Security and Privacy

Osorio

Ahmad

Gurtov

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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The conceptualisation of the sixth generation of mobile wireless networks (6G) has already started with some potential disruptive technologies resonating as enablers for driving the emergence of a number of innovative applications. Particularly, 6G will be a prominent supporter for the evolution towards a truly Intelligent Transportation System and the realisation of the Smart City concept by fulfilling the limitations of 5G, once vehicular networks are becoming highly dynamic and complex with stringent requirements on ultra-low latency, high reliability, and massive connections. More importantly, providing security and privacy to such critical systems should be a top priority as vulnerabilities can be catastrophic, thus there are huge concerns regarding data collected from sensors, people and their habits. In this paper, we provide a timely deliberation of the role that promissory 6G enabling technologies such as artificial intelligence, network softwarisation, network slicing, blockchain, edge computing, intelligent reflecting surfaces, backscatter communications, terahertz links, visible light communications, physical layer authentication, and cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) will play on providing the expected level of security and privacy for the Internet of Vehicles.

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V2X Support in 3GPP Specifications: From 4G to 5G and Beyond

Cited by 75 publications

References 17 publications

Traffic Flow Management of Autonomous Vehicles Using Platooning and Collision Avoidance Strategies

Traffic Flow Management of Autonomous Vehicles Using Platooning and Collision Avoidance Strategies

Standards-Compliant Multi-Protocol On-Board Unit for the Evaluation of Connected and Automated Mobility Services in Multi-Vendor Environments

Towards 6G-Enabled Internet of Vehicles: Security and Privacy

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