V2G integration and experimental demonstration on a lab-scale microgrid

Abstract

Electric and plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles are soon likely to be integrated as bidirectional energy storage elements with the electric grid or local microgrids. This paper discusses the interfacing of a plug-in vehicle with a lab-scale microgrid, and how this integration was successfully achieved with a power electronics converter that utilizes a powerfollowing droop controller. Simulations, which are verified with experimental results obtained with two electric research vehicles and a lab-scale microgrid, demonstrate that for both single and three-phase cases the imbalances created by vehicle charging and discharging meet, or nearly meet the required power quality and phase imbalance standards. The powerfollowing droop control is validated as an effective way of supporting the microgrid during transients as well as maintaining, in the long term, a desired charging rate. Fast charging is also briefly introduced as part of the future work.

Overview of wireless charging and vehicle‐to‐grid integration of electric vehicles using renewable energy for sustainable transportation

“…A lab-scale microgrid [128] can be designed to analyse the V2G performance. Mendoza-Araya et al [128] explain such a 480 V microgrid connection, including several DC sources, loads, EV charging unit and stand-alone monitoring unit. However, it used a unidirectional converter for EV charging.…”

“…Before the V2G integration, it should satisfy some standards that are mentioned below. The line to line voltage of microgrid is 208 V. A single phase off-the-phase equipment line to neutral voltage of 120 V can be operated [128] by this. The detailed design and operation of this microgrid can be found in [129].…”

Wireless electric vehicle charging via capacitive power transfer through a conformal bumper

“…In the circuit, the coupling capacitance C 1 and C 2 are 10.5nF and 9.5nF respectively which correspond to the measured conformal bumper coupling. The load is the 156V battery pack in the Corbin Sparrow [21]. The circuit is designed based on the available capacitive coupling, load parameters and desired power level.…”

The application of the CLONALG algorithm in the process of optimal operation control of hybrid AC/DC low voltage microgrid

“…Generated energy can be accumulate in battery energy storage units, flywheels and supercapacitors. The use of electric vehicle batteries is also considered [1].…”