Uzon volcano caldera (Kamchatka): A unique natural laboratory of the present-day naphthide genesis

Конторович, А. Э.; Бортникова, С Б; Карпов, Г. А.; Каширцев, В. А.; Костырева, Е.А.; Fomin, A. N.

doi:10.1016/j.rgg.2011.07.002

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Most of the sites are located along a main fault trending WNW and its subsidiary faults trending NNE (Karpov and Naboko 1990). The caldera formed during the collapse of Mount Uzon ~40 000 years ago, and has a basement of Pliocene volcanic-sedimentary deposits (Kontorovich et al 2011).…”

Section: Kamchatka Hot Springsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gypsum in modern Kamchatka volcanic hot springs and the Lower Cambrian black shale: Applied to the microbial-mediated precipitation of sulfates on Mars

Tang

Ehreiser

2014

American Mineralogist

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Gypsum is a mineral that commonly precipitates in hydrothermal environments. This study reports the electron microscopic analyses of gypsum morphologies and crystal sizes found in hot springs on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, and compares these analyses with gypsum morphologies of hydrothermal genesis found in Lower Cambrian black shale. In sediments of the Kamchatka hot springs, we observed prismatic, prismatic pseudo-hexagonal, fibrous, tubular, lenticular and twinned gypsum crystals, with crystal sizes ranging from <200 nm to >200 mm. The coexistence of diverse crystal habits of gypsum implies a constant interaction between hot spring geochemistry and the metabolisms of the microbial community. The crystallization of Ca-and Ba-sulfates in the black shale of the Lower Cambrian, which shows similar but less varied morphology, was influenced by post-depositional hydrothermal fluids. The partial replacement of pyrite by sulfates in a situation coexisting with rich biomass deposits and animal fossils indicates limited modification of the sedimentary records by biological materials. If the gypsum precipitated on Mars underwent similar interactions between microbial communities and their geochemical environments, the resulting crystal habits could be preserved even better than those on Earth due to the weak geodynamics prevailing on Mars throughout its evolutionary history.

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Section: Kamchatka Hot Springsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gypsum in modern Kamchatka volcanic hot springs and the Lower Cambrian black shale: Applied to the microbial-mediated precipitation of sulfates on Mars

Tang

Ehreiser

2014

American Mineralogist

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“…Their formation occurs under conditions of a sharp thermogradient regime due to close to the surface magmatic chamber. Data on organic matter have been published in a number of works [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In addition to peninsular geothermal regions, we researched three hydrothermal systems, located in the continental part of the Russian Far East.…”

Section: Objects and Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkanes in a number of hydrothermal systems of the Russian Far East

Poturay

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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The article presents the results of research dedicated to saturated hydrocarbons in the hydrothermal systems of the Russian Far East. The research has revealed significant differences in molecular-mass distribution of alkanes in the hot springs with different temperatures and origin. Alkanes, contained in the most high-temperature fluid from deep wells in Kamchatka peninsula , have the thermogenic genesis. At the same time alkanes, contained in the continental hot springs, are formed as a result of chemical re-synthesis of organic residues. In the least hot waters, as well as in cold underground and surface waters, hydrocarbons with bacterial and vegetable genesis have been revealed.

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“…Chemical analysis of the Uzon oil was the subject of two studies [ 11 , 12 ]. The Uzon oil predominantly consists of hydrocarbons (90–93%), mostly of saturated ones (twice as much as of aromatic hydrocarbons) [ 11 ]. The concentration of heterocyclic compounds is 7–10% (here and henceforth % denote mass %), while that of asphaltens is less than 0.3% [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young «oil site» of the Uzon Caldera as a habitat for unique microbial life

et al. 2020

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Background The Uzon Caldera is one of the places on our planet with unique geological, ecological, and microbiological characteristics. Uzon oil is the youngest on Earth. Uzon oil has unique composition, with low proportion of heavy fractions and relatively high content of saturated hydrocarbons. Microbial communities of the «oil site» have a diverse composition and live at high temperatures (up to 97 °C), significant oscillations of Eh and pH, and high content of sulfur, sulfides, arsenic, antimony, and mercury in water and rocks. Results The study analyzed the composition, structure and unique genetics characteristics of the microbial communities of the oil site, analyzed the metabolic pathways in the communities. Metabolic pathways of hydrocarbon degradation by microorganisms have been found. The study found statistically significant relationships between geochemical parameters, taxonomic composition and the completeness of metabolic pathways. It was demonstrated that geochemical parameters determine the structure and metabolic potential of microbial communities. Conclusions There were statistically significant relationships between geochemical parameters, taxonomic composition, and the completeness of metabolic pathways. It was demonstrated that geochemical parameters define the structure and metabolic potential of microbial communities. Metabolic pathways of hydrocarbon oxidation was found to prevail in the studied communities, which corroborates the hypothesis on abiogenic synthesis of Uzon hydrothermal petroleum.

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Uzon volcano caldera (Kamchatka): A unique natural laboratory of the present-day naphthide genesis

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Gypsum in modern Kamchatka volcanic hot springs and the Lower Cambrian black shale: Applied to the microbial-mediated precipitation of sulfates on Mars

Gypsum in modern Kamchatka volcanic hot springs and the Lower Cambrian black shale: Applied to the microbial-mediated precipitation of sulfates on Mars

Alkanes in a number of hydrothermal systems of the Russian Far East

Young «oil site» of the Uzon Caldera as a habitat for unique microbial life

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