Uveitis for the non-ophthalmologist

Burkholder, Bryn M.; Jabs, Douglas A.

doi:10.1136/bmj.m4979

Cited by 45 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…More recently, it was revealed that LRG1 can promote corneal fibrotic response and this is accompanied by neutrophil infiltration [ 143 ]. Uveitis Uveitis is the inflammation of the uvea, which can be associated with auto-immune systemic diseases, infections or independent pathologies of the eye [ 144 ]. Experimental auto-immune uveitis mimics many aspects of the pathology and results in blood–retinal breakdown associated with retinal endothelial dysfunction.…”

Section: Clinical and Pre-clinical Evidence Of A Role For Lrg1 In Eye Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease

Rossi

Lobo

Greenwood

et al. 2022

Eye

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Retinal and choroidal diseases are major causes of blindness and visual impairment in the developed world and on the rise due to an ageing population and diabetes epidemic. Standard of care is centred around blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but despite having halved the number of patients losing sight, a high rate of patient non-response and loss of efficacy over time are key challenges. Dysregulation of vascular homoeostasis, coupled with fibrosis and inflammation, are major culprits driving sight-threatening eye diseases. Improving our knowledge of these pathological processes should inform the development of new drugs to address the current clinical challenges for patients. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an emerging key player in vascular dysfunction, inflammation and fibrosis. Under physiological conditions, LRG1 is constitutively expressed by the liver and granulocytes, but little is known about its normal biological function. In pathological scenarios, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD), its expression is ectopically upregulated and it acquires a much better understood pathogenic role. Context-dependent modulation of the transforming growth-factor β (TGFβ) pathway is one of the main activities of LRG1, but additional roles have recently been emerging. This review aims to highlight the clinical and pre-clinical evidence for the pathogenic contribution of LRG1 to vascular retinopathies, as well as extrapolate from other diseases, functions which may be relevant to eye disease. Finally, we will provide a current update on the development of anti-LRG1 therapies for the treatment of nvAMD.

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Section: Clinical and Pre-clinical Evidence Of A Role For Lrg1 In Eye Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease

Rossi

Lobo

Greenwood

et al. 2022

Eye

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“…Uveitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that has destructive effects in both anterior and posterior segments of the eye [148,[199][200][201]. It is characterized by inflammation within the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that contains most of its vasculature.…”

Section: The Impact Of Uveitis On Cataract Surgery Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune responses to injury and their links to eye disease

Stepp

Menko

2021

Translational Research

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…Treatments for uveitis include the application of anti-inflammatory and corticosteroids alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive agents. 130 …”

Section: Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Years of Knowledge of Nano-Carrier Based Drug Delivery Systems in Ophthalmology: Current Evidence, Challenges, and Future Prospective

Zhang¹,

Jiao²,

Niu³

et al. 2021

IJN

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The complex drug delivery barrier in the eye reduces the bioavailability of many drugs, resulting in poor therapeutic effects. It is necessary to investigate new drugs through appropriate delivery routes and vehicles. Nanotechnology has utilized various nano-carriers to develop potential ocular drug delivery techniques that interact with the ocular mucosa, prolong the retention time of drugs in the eye, and increase permeability. Additionally, nano-carriers such as liposomes, nanoparticles, nano-suspensions, nano-micelles, and nano-emulsions have grown in popularity as an effective theranostic application to combat different microbial superbugs. In this review, we summarize the nano-carrier based drug delivery system developments over the last decade, particularly review the biology, methodology, approaches, and clinical applications of nano-carrier based drug delivery system in the field of ocular therapeutics. Furthermore, this review addresses upcoming challenges, and provides an outlook on potential future trends of nano-carrier-based drug delivery approaches in ophthalmology, and hopes to eventually provide successful applications for treating ocular diseases.

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Uveitis for the non-ophthalmologist

Cited by 45 publications

References 157 publications

LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease

LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease

Immune responses to injury and their links to eye disease

Ten Years of Knowledge of Nano-Carrier Based Drug Delivery Systems in Ophthalmology: Current Evidence, Challenges, and Future Prospective

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