Uv Inactivation of Floc-Associated MS-2 Coliphage

Templeton, Michael R.; Hofmann, Ron; Whitby, G. Elliott

doi:10.2175/193864703784756200

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Recent research has shown that colloids can facilitate virus transport in groundwater aquifers by adsorbing the viruses (Chrysikopoulos and Aravantinou, 2014;Katzourakis and Chrysikopoulos, 2014). Meanwhile, enmeshment within floc particles and aggregation into viral clumps may protect viruses from UV disinfection (Templeton et al, 2006(Templeton et al, , 2003(Templeton et al, , 2008. Most likely, the colloidal behavior of viruses plays tremendous roles in their transport and survival in water treatment processes (Gutierrez et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation

Zhang

2015

Water Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation

Zhang

2015

Water Research

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“…Therefore, studies in which microorganisms are spiked into a solution with particles or flocs not associated with each other, cannot substitute for studies that relate to microorganisms trapped within the floc network due to natural or induced flocculation. Templeton et al ͑2003͒ found that MS2 virus aggregated within a floc prior to UV exposure resulted in 1-log reduction of MS2 inactivation compared to disperse particulate-free MS2. Malley ͑2000͒ investigated the effect of flocs collected from water and wastewater processes on MS2 disinfection by mixing those particles with the virus and concluded that different particles can effectively shield MS2 differently from UV inactivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of Particle Aggregated Microbes on UV Disinfection. I: Evaluation of Spore–Clay Aggregates and Suspended Spores

Mamane

Linden

2006

J. Environ. Eng.

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Aggregation of microbes with particles can reduce the effectiveness of ultraviolet ͑UV͒ disinfection. This study evaluated the comparative impact of dispersed spores, dispersed spores mixed with clay particles ͑nonaggregated͒, spore-spore aggregates, and sporeclay aggregates on UV disinfection performance in simulated drinking waters. Aggregates were induced by flocculation with alum and characterized by particle size analysis ͑count, volume, and surface area͒ of dispersed and aggregated systems, scanning electron microscopy ͑SEM͒ and energy dispersive X-ray ͑EDX͒ analysis. It was concluded that spores within aggregates of the spore-clay system were protected from UV irradiation compared to nonaggregated spores and the difference between these systems was found to be statistically significant throughout the UV range tested. In addition SEM-EDX analysis suggested that aggregate composition is nonhomogeneous with respect to the ratio of spores and clay particles among aggregates. It was estimated that 30-50% of the spores in the aggregates tested were protected from UV irradiation.

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“…However these studies investigated the effect of suspended particles on absorbance, and did not extend the study to include the effect of light scattering of particles cosuspended with microorganisms on the inactivation of the microorganism. Research on microbe-particle aggregation ͑Sobsey et al 1991; Parker and Darby 1995;Emerick et al 1999Emerick et al , 2000Jolis et al 2001;Loge et al 2001;Templeton et al 2003͒ has not previously included the effect of aggregate scattering on fluence determination and on microbial survival within the aggregate. A comparative study of UV inactivation for a cosuspension of particles and microbes ͑not associated with each other͒ and a suspension of particles aggregated with microbes properly taking into consideration scattering of those particles in absorbance measurements, has not been well documented for drinking water treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Particle Aggregated Microbes on UV Disinfection. II: Proper Absorbance Measurement for UV Fluence

Mamane

Linden

2006

J. Environ. Eng.

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Ultraviolet ͑UV͒ absorbance measurements are subject to significant error using a standard spectrophotometer when particles or aggregates that scatter light are present. True UV absorbance for highly turbid waters should be measured using integrating sphere ͑IS͒ spectrophotometry that allows the collection of reflected and transmitted radiation simultaneously. This is especially important when the effects of scattering impact UV disinfection-such as with the presence of aggregates. The impact of light scattering of particleaggregated microbes on UV disinfection was evaluated by comparing standard spectrophotometer and integrating sphere absorbance measurements for UV fluence determination. Spore-clay aggregates in simulated drinking waters and spore aggregates with natural particles from raw waters were induced by flocculation with alum. Coagulated systems significantly decreased the UV inactivation effectiveness compared to the noncoagulated system with the effects more pronounced for raw natural water. Absorbance measurement of suspensions and aggregates using standard spectrophotometry in the calculations of fluence resulted in overdosing whereas the use of IS spectroscopy did not. The results demonstrated that aggregation protected spores from UV disinfection, and that use of proper absorbance measurement techniques, accounting for particle scattering, is essential for correct interpretation of the results.

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Uv Inactivation of Floc-Associated MS-2 Coliphage

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation

Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation

Impact of Particle Aggregated Microbes on UV Disinfection. I: Evaluation of Spore–Clay Aggregates and Suspended Spores

Impact of Particle Aggregated Microbes on UV Disinfection. II: Proper Absorbance Measurement for UV Fluence

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