UV-curable urethane acrylate zirconium oxide nanocomposites: Synthesis, study on viscoelastic properties and thermal behavior

Madhi, Abbas; Hadavand, Behzad Shirkavand; Amoozadeh, Ali

doi:10.1177/0021998318756173

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To track the participation of ZrO2 nanoparticles in the thermal stability of PU, TGA measurement was conducted on the blank PU and all the nanocomposites samples. As the thermograms demonstrate in the Figure 3, the main decomposition process of PU happens above the temperature [27]. Figure 2 represents the state of dispersion in the blank and nanocomposite PU samples at different concentrations of the filler.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Nano ZrO 2 particles were chemically modified by silane coupling agent in isopropyl alcohol [27,28]. Then, the polyurethane powder coating was formulated with TiO 2 , benzoin, baric and different amounts of modified nano ZrO 2 particles (1, 3 and 5 wt.%) were extruded in the twin-screw extruder (Yantai Donghui Powder Processing Equipment Company, Yantai, China).…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous work, isophorone diisocyanate 1,4-butanediol and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate were reacted to develop UV-curable urethane acrylate liquid resins [27]. Dibutyltin dilaurate was also added at specified amount to catalyze the reaction taking place in acetone as the media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyurethane/Silane-Functionalized ZrO2 Nanocomposite Powder Coatings: Thermal Degradation Kinetics

et al. 2020

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A polyurethane (PU)-based powder coating reinforced with vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS)-functionalized ZrO 2 nanoparticles (V-ZrO 2 ) for thermal stability was developed. Chemical structure, microstructure and thermal degradation kinetics of the prepared coatings were investigated. The peak of aliphatic C-H vibrating bond in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of V-ZrO 2 was a signature of VTMS attachment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveled that, by increase of V-ZrO 2 content from 0.1 to 0.3 wt.% and then 0.5 wt.%, some agglomerations of nanoparticles are formed in the PU matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the PU/V-ZrO 2 powder coatings was performed at different heating rates nonisothermally to capture alteration of activation energy (E a ) of degradation of PU/V-ZrO 2 powder coatings as a function of partial mass loss by using Friedman, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Ozawa-Wall-Flynn (FWO) and modified Coats-Redfern isoconversional approaches. It was observed that by addition of 1 wt.% V-ZrO 2 to PU resin the early state degradation temperature at 5% weight loss increased about 65 • C, suggesting a physical barrier effect limiting the volatility of free radicals and decomposition products. Incorporation of 5 wt.% ZrO 2 led to about 16% and 10% increase in E a and LnA of blank PU, respectively, which was indicative of higher thermal resistance of nanocomposite powder coatings against thermal degradation. There was also obvious agreement between model outputs and experimental data. The results reveal that nanocomposite coating shows superior thermal properties compared to neat PU powder coatings, and the presence of nano ZrO 2 in sufficient amount causes retardation of the thermal decomposition process.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyurethane/Silane-Functionalized ZrO2 Nanocomposite Powder Coatings: Thermal Degradation Kinetics

et al. 2020

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“…1,2 Due to their viscoelastic nature, the properties of thermoplastic matrix composite materials are strongly dependent on the test strain rate and temperature. [3][4][5] The viscoelasticity in thermoplastics is often nonlinear [6][7][8] and this complexity makes it very challenging and time consuming for characterization studies. 9,10 Tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) are the two widely used methods to obtain viscoelastic properties of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring composite materials for nonlinear viscoelastic properties using artificial neural networks

Elgamal

Doddamani

et al. 2020

Journal of Composite Materials

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Polymer matrix composites exhibit nonlinear viscoelastic behavior over a wide range of temperatures and loading frequencies, which requires an elaborate experimental characterization campaign. Methods are now available to accelerate the characterization process and recover elastic modulus from storage modulus ( E′). However, these methods are limited to the linear viscoelastic region and need to be expanded to nonlinear viscoelastic problems to enable materials design. The present work aims to build a general machine learning based architecture to accelerate the characterization and materials design process for nonlinear viscoelastic materials using the E′ results. To expand outside the linear viscoelastic region, general relations of viscoelasticity are first developed so the master relation of E′ considering nonlinear viscoelasticity can be transformed to time domain relaxation function. The transform starts with building the master relation by optimizing the artificial neural network (ANN) formulation using Kriging model and genetic algorithm. Then the master relation is transformed to a relaxation function, which can be used to predict the stress response with a given strain history and to further extract the elastic modulus. The transform is tested on high density polyethylene matrix syntactic foams and the accuracy is found by comparing the predicted materials properties with those obtained from tensile tests. The good agreements indicate the transform can predict the elastic modulus under a wide range of temperatures and strain rates for any composition of the composite and can be used for material design problems.

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“…However, in the form of powder coating, PU could give favorable properties like excellent resistance against chemicals and moisture, high stiffness, and acceptable anticorrosion properties because of its high degree of crosslinking. [15,16] PU powder coatings are not normally stable in harsh circumstances, for example, high stress, thermal shock, direct exposure to UV light, and heat. The cracking of PU coatings is quite often the consequence of thermal degradation of polymer chains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Silane‐functionalized Al₂O₃‐modified polyurethane powder coatings: Nonisothermal degradation kinetics and mechanistic insights

Hadavand

Jouyandeh

Paran

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work reports on nonisothermal degradation kinetics of polyurethane (PU)‐based powder coatings containing 1, 3, and 5%wt% vinyltrimethoxysilane functionalized Al2O3 (V‐Al2O3) nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis of PU/V‐Al2O3 powder coatings with different V‐Al2O3 contents has been performed at different heating rates. Variation of activation energy (Ea) of PU/V‐Al2O3 powder coatings was modeled as a function of partial mass loss by using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, Ozawa–Wall–Flynn and modified Coats–Redfern isoconversional approaches. The results revealed hindered decomposition process of PU/V‐Al2O3 nanocomposite powder coatings, featured by an increase in activation energy of degradation from ∼158 for blank PU to 225, 183, and 229 kJ/mol for nanocomposites filled with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of V‐Al2O3, respectively. Likewise, pre‐exponential factor values increased for samples containing V‐Al2O3 nanoparticles compared to that of blank sample. Sestak–Berggren kinetic model appropriately captured thermal degradation behavior of PU/V‐Al2O3 nanocomposites than that of nth order decomposition kinetic reaction models.

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UV-curable urethane acrylate zirconium oxide nanocomposites: Synthesis, study on viscoelastic properties and thermal behavior

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Polyurethane/Silane-Functionalized ZrO2 Nanocomposite Powder Coatings: Thermal Degradation Kinetics

Polyurethane/Silane-Functionalized ZrO2 Nanocomposite Powder Coatings: Thermal Degradation Kinetics

Tailoring composite materials for nonlinear viscoelastic properties using artificial neural networks

Silane‐functionalized Al₂O₃‐modified polyurethane powder coatings: Nonisothermal degradation kinetics and mechanistic insights

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UV-curable urethane acrylate zirconium oxide nanocomposites: Synthesis, study on viscoelastic properties and thermal behavior

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Polyurethane/Silane-Functionalized ZrO2 Nanocomposite Powder Coatings: Thermal Degradation Kinetics

Polyurethane/Silane-Functionalized ZrO2 Nanocomposite Powder Coatings: Thermal Degradation Kinetics

Tailoring composite materials for nonlinear viscoelastic properties using artificial neural networks

Silane‐functionalized Al2O3‐modified polyurethane powder coatings: Nonisothermal degradation kinetics and mechanistic insights

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Silane‐functionalized Al₂O₃‐modified polyurethane powder coatings: Nonisothermal degradation kinetics and mechanistic insights