UV Cross-Linkable Graphene/Poly(trimethylene Carbonate) Composites for 3D Printing of Electrically Conductive Scaffolds

Sayyar, Sepidar; Björninen, Miina; Haimi, Suvi; Miettinen, Susanna; Gilmore, Kerry J.; Grijpma, Dirk W.; Wallace, Gordon G.

doi:10.1021/acsami.6b09962

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Graphene showed an important versatility since it was employed as filler in different base materials like chitosan/gelatin matrices, hydrogels and Poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC). Biological properties like better adhesion, spreading and proliferation of cells on the conductive graphene make it a suitable material for scaffold based applications in tissue engineering [85][86][87][88][89][90][91].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Review on Biomaterials for 3D Conductive Scaffolds for Stimulating and Monitoring Cellular Activities

et al. 2019

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During the last years, scientific research in biotechnology has been reporting a considerable boost forward due to many advances marked in different technological areas. Researchers working in the field of regenerative medicine, mechanobiology and pharmacology have been constantly looking for non-invasive methods able to track tissue development, monitor biological processes and check effectiveness in treatments. The possibility to control cell cultures and quantify their products represents indeed one of the most promising and exciting hurdles. In this perspective, the use of conductive materials able to map cell activity in a three-dimensional environment represents the most interesting approach. The greatest potential of this strategy relies on the possibility to correlate measurable changes in electrical parameters with specific cell cycle events, without affecting their maturation process and considering a physiological-like setting. Up to now, several conductive materials has been identified and validated as possible solutions in scaffold development, but still few works have stressed the possibility to use conductive scaffolds for non-invasive electrical cell monitoring. In this picture, the main objective of this review was to define the state-of-the-art concerning conductive biomaterials to provide researchers with practical guidelines for developing specific applications addressing cell growth and differentiation monitoring. Therefore, a comprehensive review of all the available conductive biomaterials (polymers, carbon-based, and metals) was given in terms of their main electric characteristics and range of applications.

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confidence: 99%

A Review on Biomaterials for 3D Conductive Scaffolds for Stimulating and Monitoring Cellular Activities

et al. 2019

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“…The addition of a small share of Si reduced the risk of nozzle clogging without affecting the rheology negatively, hence, resin "C" is finally selected for experimentation. Figure 14 (b) shows the extruder and its printing mechanism; Figure 14 (c) describes the investigated process alternatives (including or excluding UV light assistance during the print; successful attempts by implementing UV cross-linking in ME exist [72]- [75]); Figure 14 (d) demonstrates the applicability of this approach to complex lattice part production. The resulting selection of materials makes the paste (potentially) bio-based, wood-like and scalable, since a considerable amount of cellulose can be added (Cel and partially from CA).…”

Section: New Biocomposite Materials Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axiomatic Design to Foster Additive Manufacturing-Specific Design Knowledge

Chekurov

Kretzschmar

Rossoni

et al. 2019

Volume 14: Design, Systems, and Complexity

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Axiomatic design has the potential to help designers understand the increased design freedom and limitations of additive manufacturing prior to starting the actual design process. The purpose of this study is to verify the usefulness of Axiomatic Design in the design process of complex additively manufactured components. The article uses a case study involving the design of a non-assembly turbine to demonstrate that Axiomatic Design can be applied as a supportive tool to acquire information on new limitations imposed by additive manufacturing, such as minimum wall thickness and maximum size of parts. The use of axiomatic design is demonstrated by describing the process of decomposition of the non-assembly turbine and examining the suitability of the general design according to the independence axiom. The resulting decomposition chart is subsequently used as a basis by the authors to design individually two competing designs of a turbine. Finally, the information axiom is used to determine the design with the lowest information content according to design (part and support volume), performance (pressure drop) and economic parameters (cost).

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“…Successful attempts have been made to 3D print with hyaluronic acid hydrogels with secondary cross-linking as well as to print, crystallize, and cross-link graphene/poly (trimethylene carbonate) composites. 19,20 In the field of pharmaceutics, polydimenthylsiloxane devices were printed by PE and UV cross-linked. 21 Further research was conducted by mixing an industrial resin with fumed silica and UV-curing the samples during the print with 1 W, obtaining tensile strengths of more than 20 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Ultraviolet-Assisted Paste Extrusion and Postextrusion Ultraviolet-Curing of Three-Dimensional Printed Biocomposites

Kretzschmar

Lipponen

Klar

et al. 2019

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing of biomaterials has the potential to become an ecologically advantageous alternative compared with conventional manufacturing based on oil-derived polymer materials. In this study, a novel 3D printing technology is applied that combines ultraviolet (UV) curing with paste extrusion. This hybrid manufacturing technique enables the fabrication of complex geometries from high filler-ratio pastes. The developed biocomposite aims for suitable mechanical properties in terms of tensile and compressive strength. It is composed of acrylic acid, cellulose acetate, a-cellulose, and fumed silica with a cellulose ratio of more than 25 vol-%. The material is extruded with an in-house-developed 3D printer equipped with a 12 W UV light curing source, which enables concurrent curing and extrusion. Two different UV-curing strategies were tested: postcuring without concurrent curing and postcuring with concurrent curing. The total UV-curing duration was kept constant with all samples. Tensile testing in accordance with ASTM standard D638-14 Type 4, compression testing according to ASTM D695-15, and overhang tests were conducted. As a result, samples without notable shrinkage, suitable tensile strength (up to 17.72 MPa), competitive compression testing parameters (up to 19.73 MPa), and an enhanced overhang angle (increase of more than 25°) were produced, leading to new applications and more freedom in design due to higher possible unsupported overhangs when using UV-curing during the print. Overall, constant UV light radiation during the print leads to improved mechanical properties due to the possibility of bypassing the UV-penetration depth constraint. It should be considered when extruding photopolymer-based composites, especially for large and complex components with a low degree of translucency.

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UV Cross-Linkable Graphene/Poly(trimethylene Carbonate) Composites for 3D Printing of Electrically Conductive Scaffolds

Cited by 67 publications

References 60 publications

A Review on Biomaterials for 3D Conductive Scaffolds for Stimulating and Monitoring Cellular Activities

A Review on Biomaterials for 3D Conductive Scaffolds for Stimulating and Monitoring Cellular Activities

Axiomatic Design to Foster Additive Manufacturing-Specific Design Knowledge

Mechanical Properties of Ultraviolet-Assisted Paste Extrusion and Postextrusion Ultraviolet-Curing of Three-Dimensional Printed Biocomposites

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