UV-B-tolerance of alpine and arctic Daphnia

Zellmer, Iris D.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0021-2_17

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition to this, the vertical migration of freshwater zooplankton is partially interpreted as avoidance of injurious UV radiation. For instance, transparent Daphnia pulex have been found to be more sensitive to and to avoid daylight more than deeply melanized individuals (Zellmer, 1995). Therefore it is believed that the given UV-B radiation with its higher energy content compared to that of visible light must have been an additional stressor to the daphnids during the exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-B-Induced Acute Toxicity of Pyrene to the Waterflea Daphnia magna in Natural Freshwaters

Nikkilä

Penttinen

Kukkonen

1999

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-B-Induced Acute Toxicity of Pyrene to the Waterflea Daphnia magna in Natural Freshwaters

Nikkilä

Penttinen

Kukkonen

1999

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Since it was proven that natural UV-13 causes severe damage to Daphnia (Zellmer, 1995), a further increase in UV-13 intensity due to ozone reduction could be detrimental to populations situated in food limited shallow habitats with high UV exposure and little refuge capacity .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In alpine and arctic regions, the herbivorous Daphnia pulex (Crustceae) is frequently found in small and shallow ponds which provide little refuge from radiation in depth or under vegetation . In both habitats it was demonstrated, that Daphnia pulex suffered significantly increased mortality when exposed to total solar radiation compared to LTV-reduced controls (Luecke & O'Brien, 1983 ;Herbert & Emery, 1990 ;Zellmer, 1993Zellmer, , 1995 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of food quantity on UV-B tolerance and recovery from UV-B damage in Daphnia pulex

Zellmer

1996

Hydrobiologia

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UVB (290 nm) tolerance of Daphnia pulex, conditioned to four different food levels (Chlorophyta), was tested under standardized conditions with an artificial radiation source . Parameters measured were survival, percentage of egg bearing Daphnia and the number of juveniles produced after irradiation . LTV-B tolerance of Daphnia pulex was found to be significantly improved with increasing food concentrations at all three parameters . The impact of the four different food concentrations on the photoreactivation system was tested with simultanous UVB and white-light irradiation of Daphnia . Survival rate improved significantly with increasing food levels compared to solely UVB irradiation . Photoreactivation had no effect on the reproductive parameters .

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“…Large-bodied zooplankton are thus particularly vulnerable to visual predation (Brooks and Dodson 1965), and numerous adaptations to reduce this mortality risk have evolved. These include reduced pigmentation as a trade-oV between protection from radiation damage (Hairston 1976;Byron 1982;Hebert and Emery 1990;Zellmer 1995;Hansson 2000) and reduced visibility to predators (Hairston 1979;Byron 1982;Johnsen and Widder 2001). Planktivorous Wsh introduced into previously Wshless mountain lakes generally cause dramatic shifts from largebodied crustaceans such as Daphnia and Diaptomus to smaller cladocerans, cyclopoid copepods, and rotifers (e.g., Anderson 1980;Starkweather 1990;Knapp et al 2001), and there is evidence that indigenous species were driven to extinction following the introduction of Wsh into previously Wshless lakes in the Alps (LöZer 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hang on or run? Copepod mating versus predation risk in contrasting environments

et al. 2007

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Mating durations of copepods were found to differ significantly between fishless high-altitude waters and lowland lakes containing fish. In lowland species the whole mating process was completed within a few minutes, but it averaged over an hour in high-altitude species. Alpine copepods showed a prolonged post-copulatory association between mates, during which the male clasped the female for an extended period after spermatophore transfer, while in lowland species males abandoned their partner immediately after copulation. Prolonged associations also occurred after transfer of spermatophores to heterospecific females with shorter conspecific mating duration, suggesting that male interests largely dictate the time spent in tandem. The differences observed may be adaptations to environments with different predation pressure, as pairs in tandem are more conspicuous and less reactive than single animals. We argue that differences in mating behavior and mating duration evolved under sexual versus natural selection, reflecting trade-offs between enhancement of fertilization success and reduction of vulnerability to visual predation. In fishless mountain lakes with high intrasexual competition, guarding males can reduce the risk of spermatophore displacement or the risk that the female will accept sperm from rival males without increased risk of being eaten, thereby maximizing paternity. Populations from fishless alpine lakes further differed from lowland species by exhibiting higher female/male size dimorphism and more intense pigmentation. While these traits vary between populations according to predation pressure, mating duration appears to be more species-specific.

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UV-B-tolerance of alpine and arctic Daphnia

Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

UV-B-Induced Acute Toxicity of Pyrene to the Waterflea Daphnia magna in Natural Freshwaters

UV-B-Induced Acute Toxicity of Pyrene to the Waterflea Daphnia magna in Natural Freshwaters

The impact of food quantity on UV-B tolerance and recovery from UV-B damage in Daphnia pulex

Hang on or run? Copepod mating versus predation risk in contrasting environments

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