UV-B radiation reducesin vitrogermination ofMetarhizium anisopliaes.l. but does not affect virulence in fungus-treatedAedes aegyptiadults and development on dead mosquitoes

Falvo, Marianel Lucía; Pereira-Junior, Ronaldo A.; Rodrigues, Juliana; Lastra, Cláudia C. López; García, Juan José; Fernandes, Éverton K. K.; Luz, Christian

doi:10.1111/jam.13309

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Solar irradiation is of extreme importance to the environment, and its positive effects, particularly on plants, have been widely studied [6][7][8]; its ultraviolet components (UV-A and UV-B), however, can be harmful to living organisms, including fungi, and nonliving matter [9][10][11][12]. Exposure to direct solar radiation (particularly the UV-B fraction) for a few hours can inactivate most fungal conidia [10,13,14]; moreover, sublethal doses of UV irradiation may damage germination and decrease the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV‐B tolerances of conidia, blastospores, and microsclerotia of Metarhizium spp. entomopathogenic fungi

et al. 2020

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The aim of the present study was to analyze ten native Metarhizium spp. isolates as to their UV‐B tolerances. Comparisons included: different fungal propagules (conidia, blastospores, or microsclerotia [MS]); conidia in aqueous suspensions or in 10% mineral oil‐in‐water emulsions; and conidia mixed with different types of soil. The UV‐B effect was expressed as the germination of conidia or culturability of blastospores and MS relative to nongerminated propagules. Metarhizium anisopliae LCM S05 exhibited high tolerance as blastospores and/or MS, but not as conidia; LCM S10 and LCM S08 had positive results with MS or conidia but not blastospores. The formulations with 10% mineral oil did not always protect Metarhizium conidia against UV‐B. Conidia of LCM S07, LCM S08, and LCM S10 exhibited the best results when in aqueous suspensions, 24 h after UV‐B exposure. In general, conidia mixed with soil and exposed to UV‐B yielded similar number of colony forming units as conidia from unexposed soil, regardless the soil type. It was not possible to predict which type of propagule would be the most UV‐B tolerant for each fungal isolate; in conclusion, many formulations and propagule types should be investigated early in the development of new fungal biocontrol products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV‐B tolerances of conidia, blastospores, and microsclerotia of Metarhizium spp. entomopathogenic fungi

et al. 2020

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“…A control group containing only Tween 80® 0.1% (v/v) was also performed. Larvae were fed every 2 days as described by Falvo et al ( 2016 ), maintained at 27 ± 1 °C in 12 h photoperiod. Mortality was assessed for 10 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metarhizium robertsii protease and conidia production, response to heat stress and virulence against Aedes aegypti larvae

2021

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Nutritional factors exert significant influence on the growth of entomopathogenic fungi, one of the main agents employed commercially in the biological control of arthropods. Thus, the objective of this work is to optimize the culture medium and solid fermentation time for production of proteases and conidia of Metarhizium robertsii ARSEF 2575 and to evaluate the interference of riboflavin and salts on virulence and resistance to abiotic stress factors. In the first step, nine groups were separated: negative control, positive control, and seven supplementation groups: ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea. Sodium nitrate showed significant difference in protease production at the time of 20 days of solid fermentation. Then, different concentrations of sodium nitrate and riboflavin as supplement were evaluated. Response surface methodology demonstrated that riboflavin and sodium nitrate influence proteolytic activity and conidia production, but without synergism. Supplementation of the medium with the optimal concentration of sodium nitrate and riboflavin did not interfere with the germination of conidia without exposure to abiotic stress, but did increase the thermotolerance of conidia. The presence of riboflavin and sodium nitrate at optimal concentrations in the culture medium did not alter fungal virulence with and without exposure to heat stress, varying according to the presence or absence of the supernatant during exposure, evidencing that resistance to heat exposure is multifactorial and dependent on intra- and extracellular factors. Moreover, the supplementation increased the larvicidal activity of the supernatant against Aedes aegypti.

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“…For application in water, UV-B has no detrimental effect for sedimented conidia even no overlay of water [114]. However, when exposure of fungus-treated mosquito adults to sunlight, UV-B radiation can affect activity of conidia applied on the mosquito's surface [115]. To enhance the efficacy of EPF, increasing their UV tolerance through genetic manipulation is another viable strategy.…”

Section: Increasing the Fungal Tolerance To Adverse Environmental Con...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Pathogenic Mechanisms, Applications and Strategies for Entomopathogenic Fungi in Mosquito Biocontrol

Qin

Liu

Peng

et al. 2023

JoF

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Fungal diseases are widespread among insects and play a crucial role in naturally regulating insect populations. Mosquitoes, known as vectors for numerous infectious diseases, pose a significant threat to human health. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have emerged as highly promising alternative agents to chemical mosquitocides for controlling mosquitoes at all stages of their life cycle due to their unique infection pathway through direct contact with the insect’s cuticle. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in understanding the infection pathways and pathogenic mechanisms of EPF against mosquitoes. Various strategies involving the use of EPF alone or combinations with other approaches have been employed to target mosquitoes at various developmental stages. Moreover, the application of genetic technologies in fungi has opened up new avenues for enhancing the mosquitocidal efficacy of EPF. This review presents a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in our understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of EPF, their applications in mosquito management, and the combination of EPF with other approaches and employment of transgenic technologies. The biosafety concerns associated with their use and the corresponding approaches are also discussed. The recent progress suggests that EPF have the potential to serve as a future biorational tool for controlling mosquito vectors.

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UV-B radiation reducesin vitrogermination ofMetarhizium anisopliaes.l. but does not affect virulence in fungus-treatedAedes aegyptiadults and development on dead mosquitoes

Abstract: Findings contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness of M. anisopliae against day-active A. aegypti and its potential for biological mosquito control.

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

UV‐B tolerances of conidia, blastospores, and microsclerotia of Metarhizium spp. entomopathogenic fungi

UV‐B tolerances of conidia, blastospores, and microsclerotia of Metarhizium spp. entomopathogenic fungi

Metarhizium robertsii protease and conidia production, response to heat stress and virulence against Aedes aegypti larvae

Recent Advancements in Pathogenic Mechanisms, Applications and Strategies for Entomopathogenic Fungi in Mosquito Biocontrol

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