UV-B induction of flavonoid biosynthesis in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L . ) seedlings

Schnitzler, Jörg‐Peter; Jungblut, Tim P.; Feicht, Carmen; Köfferlein, Matthias; Langebartels, Christian; Heller, Werner; Sandermann, Heinrich

doi:10.1007/pl00009665

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In turn, these changes had little to no effect on the predicted and actual digestibility and preference of a forb and shrub consumed by a small ruminant, the blue duiker. Our results differ in several ways to those of previous studies on the effects of UV-B radiation on plants (Ambasht and Agrawal 2003;de la Rosa et al 2001;Schnitzler et al 1997;Warren et al 2003) and studies documenting the effects of changes in plant chemistry caused by UV-B radiation in invertebrates (McCloud and Berenbaum 1999;Veteli et al 2003;Warren et al 2002). First, in many plants cell-wall components, such as fiber and lignin, respond to light intensity (Blair et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…However, when simultaneously offered willow grown under 19 UV-B and willow under 1.69 UV-B, duikers chose to consume 26% more of the former. Previous studies have found that enhanced UV-B radiation induced the production of flavonoids in Populus trichocarpa (Warren et al 2003), Pinus sylvestris L. (Schnitzler et al 1997), Betula pendula (de la Rosa et al 2001), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Ambasht and Agrawal 2003). However many of these studies used higher UV-B levels (29) than we used in our experiment (1.69), which would have exceeded the expected maximum UV-B radiation in our area before ozone recovery (Warren et al 2003), or compared UV-B exclusion (09) to supplemental UV-B radiation (de la Rosa et al 2001;Schnitzler et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UV-B effects on the nutritional chemistry of plants and the responses of a mammalian herbivore

et al. 2008

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Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused ground-level ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation to rise in temperate latitudes of both hemispheres. Because the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutrition of food consumed by mammalian herbivores are unknown, we measured nutritional and chemical constituents of 18 forages and related changes to in vitro dry matter digestibility. We also measured intake and in vivo digestibility of Pacific willow (Salix lasiandra) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by blue duikers (Cephalophus monticola). Forages were irradiated for 3 months with ambient (1x) or supplemental (1.6 x) UV-B radiation representing a 15% ozone depletion for Pullman, Washington, USA. Enhanced UV-B radiation had minimal and inconsistent effects on the nutritional content, in vitro dry matter digestibility, and protein-binding capacity of forages. However, flavonoid compounds increased in seven of the 13 forbs and woody dicots that were evaluated. Flavonoids were found to decrease only in yarrow (Achillea millefolium). When offered simultaneously, blue duikers preferred 1x and 1.6 x UV-B irradiated plants of alfalfa equally, but ate 26% less willow grown under 1.6 x UV-B radiation. However, when fed to duikers in separate feeding experiments, total dry matter intake and in vivo digestibility of dry matter, fiber, protein, and apparent energy did not differ between alfalfa and willow grown under 1x and 1.6 x UV-B radiation. We conclude that expected increases in UV-B radiation from ozone depletion would have minimal effects on intake and digestion of ruminant herbivores.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-B effects on the nutritional chemistry of plants and the responses of a mammalian herbivore

et al. 2008

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“…Protein transfer was achieved using a Millipore semidry electro blot system following the manufacturer's instructions. Immunoassaying of ISPS was performed according to Schnitzler et al (1997). Alkaline phosphatase-conjugated secondary anti-rabbit antibody (Sigma-Aldrich) was detected by addition of 5-bromo-4-chloroindolyl-3-phosphate (BCIP) and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) (10 mg BCIP and 5 mg NBT in 20 ml 1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.8, 1 mM MgCl 2 ).…”

Section: Immunoblotting Of Ispsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical properties of isoprene synthase in poplar (Populus × canescens)

Schnitzler

Zimmer

Bachl

et al. 2005

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Isoprene synthase (ISPS) catalyzes the elimination of pyrophosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP) forming isoprene, a volatile hydrocarbon emitted from many plant species to the atmosphere. In the present work, immunological techniques were applied to study and localize ISPS in poplar leaves (Populus x canescens). Immunogold labeling using polyclonal antibodies generated against His-tagged recombinant ISPS protein detected ca. 44% of ISPS in the stroma of the chloroplasts and ca. 56% of gold particles attached to the stromal-facing side of the thylakoid membranes. ISPS isolated from leaves exhibited the same biochemical properties as the recombinant ISPS without the plastid-targeting peptide heterologous expressed in E. coli, whereas an additional C- or N-terminal His-tag changed the biochemical features of the recombinant enzyme with regard to temperature, pH, and substrate dependence. In comparison to the closely related class of monoterpene synthases from angiosperms and ISPS of oaks, the most striking feature of the poplar ISPS is a cooperative substrate dependence which is characteristic to enzymes with positive substrate activation. The detection of four immunoreactive bands in poplar leaf extracts with isoelectric points from 5.0 to 5.5 and a native molecular weight of ca. 51 kDa give reason for future studies on post-translational modifications of ISPS.

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“…Finally, the proposed electrochemical methodology can be applied in chemoecological and environmental studies: It is known that foliar flavonoid composition was affected by UV radiation of B-type, being these effects age-and species-dependent [55]. As far as such compositional changes may result in variations in the tissue attractiveness and palatability to hervibores, they can ultimately produce changes in the ecosystem structure [56].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric analysis of Pinus needles with physiological, phylogenetic, and forensic applications

et al. 2016

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Polyphenolic compounds are electrochemically active components of vegetal matter which were targeted under simple experimental conditions to produce voltammetric profiles characterizing the metabolite composition. Application to bivariate and multivariate chemometric techniques permits to discriminate the species and age of plant leaves, illustrated here for the case of six Pinus species from two different subgenera. Such responses, associated with the electrochemical oxidation of polyphenolic compounds (quercetin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, among others), define a voltammetric profile which varies systematically with the age of the leaves for the different species. The application of this methodology for phylogenetic studies, plant physiology, forensic science, and chemoecology is discussed. Graphical Abstract Image of Pinus in a typical Mediterranean forest; Courtesy of the Botanic Garden of the University of Valencia.

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UV-B induction of flavonoid biosynthesis in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L . ) seedlings

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

UV-B effects on the nutritional chemistry of plants and the responses of a mammalian herbivore

UV-B effects on the nutritional chemistry of plants and the responses of a mammalian herbivore

Biochemical properties of isoprene synthase in poplar (Populus × canescens)

Voltammetric analysis of Pinus needles with physiological, phylogenetic, and forensic applications

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