Utilizing waste hydrogen for energy recovery using fuel cells and associated technologies

Abstract

Abstract-Electrochemical and other process industries frequently vent or flare hydrogen byproducts to the atmosphere. This paper will discuss hydrogen power conversion methods including fuel cells and combustion technologies. This paper presents an overview of some of the practical implementation methods available and the challenges that must be met. The pros and cons of distributing power to either the ac power system or dc process bus are examined. This technology is expected to become cost competitive as energy prices continue to climb and fuel cell proficiency matures.

Fuel cell high-power applications

“…The DMFCs are promising candidates as portable power sources because they do not require any fuel processing and operate at low temperatures (30-60 °C) [25]- [27]. The SOFC, because of its high power density and high grade waste heat that may be used in cogeneration applications, is a front-runner in distributed power applications at the industrial level [28]- [31]. The PEMFC has many of the qualities required of an automotive power system including relatively low operating temperature, high power density, and rapid startup [32]- [34].…”

Hydrogen catalytic combustion over a Pt/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2/MgAl2O4 mesoporous coating monolithic catalyst

“…The combination of hydrogen and fuel cell is regarded as a perfect application style. Especially, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) utilizing hydrogen not only has high energy efficiency, low operating temperature and fast response to load changes [3], but also emits the lowest exhausts. Fuel cell processors have a wide range of potential applications, such as transportation power systems, power stations, domestic cogeneration systems of heat and electricity, and emergency power systems.…”

A simple PEM fuel cell emulator using electrical circuit model

“…The DMFCs are promising candidates as portable power sources because they do not require any fuel processing and operate at low temperatures (30-60°C) [5][6][7]. The SOFC is a front-runner in distributed power applications at the industrial level because of its high power density and high grade waste heat that may be used in cogeneration applications [8][9][10][11].…”