Utilizing Solanum glaucophyllum Alone or with Phytase to Improve Phosphorus Utilization in Broilers

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to determine if Solanum glaucophyllum (SG), a plant containing a glycoside of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, could be used as a feed additive to improve P utilization of broilers. SG leaves (1, 2.5, or 5 g/kg), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (15 microg/kg), or Ca and P (to achieve a 0.92% Ca:0.65% P:0.41% nonphytate P control diet) were added to a 0.56% Ca/0.45% P/0.28% nonphytate P basal diet and fed to broilers from 7 to 28 d of age. Birds fed basal ration alone exhibited reduced weight gain, bone density, and bone mineral content when compared with birds fed the 0.92% Ca:0.65% P diet. Adding 5 g SG leaves or 15 microg of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D/kg to the basal diet increased body weight gain, plasma Ca and P, bone ash, and bone density above basal diet levels. Plasma P and weight gain of birds fed 5 g SG or 15 microg of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D/kg basal diet were equivalent to those observed in birds fed the 0.92% Ca:0.65% P diet. In experiment 2, the effect of higher doses of SG, as well as the additive effect of SG with 1,200 phytase units/kg diet, were examined in chicks fed a 0.59% Ca and 0.42% P basal diet. Two levels of SG leaves (7.5 g and 10 g), phytase, or both SG (7.5 g) and phytase were added per kilogram of basal diet. Adding SG or phytase to the basal diet increased weight gain, plasma Ca, plasma P, and bone mineral content over that observed in birds fed basal diet alone. Combining SG with phytase provided no significant gains in growth or bone parameters over treatment with phytase alone.

Effect of Supplementing Plant Derived 1, 25 Dihydroxy Cholecalciferol on Performance and Bone Mineralization in Broiler Chicken Fed Suboptimal Concentrations of Calcium and Non Phytate Phosphorus

“…This could be due to higher bioavailability of 1, 25(OH) 2 D 3 compared to synthetic CC, as CC has to be converted into biological active form (1,25 (OH) 2 D 3 ) in the body to produce action and this conversion in not 100% in biological system (Goodgame et al, 2011). In concurrence to our results, Papesova et al, (Chennaiah et al, 2007), 10 µg/kg of Solanum glaucophyllum (Bachmann et al, 2013) or 5 µg/kg Solanum glaucophyllum (Cheng et al, 2004) improved the bone variables in broilers compared to basal or control diet.…”

The effect of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf meal supplementation on tibia strength, morphology and inorganic content of broiler chickens

“…Although the percentage of tibia ash is commonly and routinely used as a measure of bone mineralization, the weight of the tibia ash proved to be a more sensitive indicator of bone mineralization (Hall et al, 2003). Moreover, bone ash can be a misleading measure of bone response because increases in total bone growth are possible without altering the percentage of bone ash (Cheng et al, 2004). a,b,c Means within a row with no common superscript differ significantly (P <0.05).…”

Desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e cortes nobres de frangos de corte alimentados com rações suplementadas com Solanum glaucophyllum

“…A diminuição do consumo de ração e do crescimento observada em aves mantidas sob estresse por calor têm sido considerada como aparente tentativa de redução da produção de calor corporal, inclusive do calor gerado pelo processo de digestão (OLIVEIRA NETO et al, 2000). Dionello et al (2002) Cheng et al (2004), avaliaram três níveis de inclusão de Solanum glaucophyllum (1,0; 2,5 e 5,0 g/kg de ração) em dietas de frangos de corte de sete a 28 dias de idade com redução dos níveis de cálcio e fósforo disponível para 0,56% e 0,28%, respectivamente, obtendo aumento no ganho de peso das aves. Os autores ainda alegaram que houve maior eficiência na absorção e utilização do fósforo e que o nível de inclusão de 5,0 g da planta/kg de ração pode ser uma alternativa viável para redução dos custos com a suplementação de cálcio e fósforo nas rações das aves, além de minimizar o impacto ambiental proveniente da exploração avícola.…”