Utilizing of Celery and Thyme as Ruminal Fermentation and Digestibility Modifier and Reducing Gas Production

Effect of mixture of herbal plants on ruminal fermentation, degradability and gas production

“…While, these positive effect in the ruminal fermentation accompanied with negative effect on fiber degradation (Khattab et al, 2017). Supplementing diets with celery or thyme showed no significant pH, microbial protein, ammonia-N concentrations and improved short chain fatty acids concentrations and significantly lowered total gas production (Khattab et al, 2020).…”

“…A major goal of livestock production system today is restriction of using antibiotics and other synthetic medicinal chemistry as feed additives and growth promoters, versus natural growth promoters (NGPs) as effective alternatives to those products. Using antibiotic in ruminant nutrition as a supplement are widely applied to alter rumen fermentation and methane emission but due to the extreme of using antibiotic led to be resistance against different drugs by animals in addition antibiotics transfer to ruminant product (milk or meat) which could threaten human health (Zhan et al, 2017;Bayat et al, 2018;Khattab, Abd El Tawab, Hadhoud, & Shaaban, 2020). So, European Union (EU) banned using antibiotics as feed additive, this radical change in laws resulted in an intensive development of research that relates to find effective natural compounds that could inhibit GHG and modulate the rumen fermentation (Matloup et al, 2017) Many studies have focused on the alternative strategies development to maintain animal productive performance and health (Khattab, Ebeid, Abd El Tawab, Abo El-Nor, & Aboamer, 2016;Khattab et al, 2017;Khattab & Tawab, 2018;Matloup et al, 2017).…”

Impact of the Essential Oils of Marjoram or Basil Dietary Supplementation on Degradability, Ruminal Fermentation and Total Gas Production in-Vitro

“…The change in molar proportions of TVFs led to a lack of a change TVFs concentration, decreased methane production and decreased NH3-N concentration. However, essential oils supplementation to diets leads to a reduction in TVFAs production and was viewed as nutritionally unfavorable (Khattab et al, 2020a). Kouazounde et al (2015) found that TVFAs production was linearly decreased by African basil (Ocimum gratissimum) essential oils supplementation to diets with a shift in VFAs profile towards more acetate and butyrate and less propionate.…”

“…Recently, the main goals of livestock production system are minimizing the usage of synthetic and medicinal chemistry versus non-antibiotic growth promoters or natural growth promoters like plant extracts as modifiers of rumen fermentation process (Matloup et al, 2017;Khattab et al, 2019 and2020a). Essential oils are commonly used as feed additives to animals as therapeutics and/or prophylactic to some metabolic disorders as well as, improve feed efficiency.…”

“…Many medical plants such as cinnamomum, rosemary, lemongrass, coriander, thyme, galangal and celery contained essential oils have been suggested on adjusting rumen fermentation and inhibition of deamination and methanogenesis, resulting in lower ammonia nitrogen, methane production and acetate, A and in higher propionate and butyrate concentrations also, decreased ruminal bio-hydrogenation (Matloup et al, 2017;Khattab et al, 2016;2017;2020a;Abd El Tawab et al, 2020 and2021).…”