Utilizing a Comparative Policy Resource from the WORLD Policy Analysis Center Covering Constitutional Rights, Laws, and Policies across 193 Countries for Outcome Analysis, Monitoring, and Accountability

Raub, Amy; Sprague, Aleta; Waisath, Willetta; Nandi, Arijit; Atabay, Efe; Vincent, Ilona; Moreno, Gonzalo; Earle, Alison; Perry, Nicholas; Heymann, Jody

doi:10.1080/13876988.2021.1894073

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These expansions on the law and policy data presented here should be part of a broader research agenda on racial equity in the global labor market that examines not only which laws and policies are in place but what impacts they are having. As with other policy areas, developing longitudinal quantitative, globally comparative measures of anti-discrimination laws helps make it possible for researchers to rigorously analyze the relationship between policy change and outcomes, producing actionable evidence about "what works" across countries (Raub et al, 2022). However, even with the new policy data we have developed, improvements in outcomes data will be essential to measure the impact globally of advances and legal gaps.…”

Section: The Critical Need To Accelerate Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, ethnicity, and discrimination at work: a new analysis of legal protections and gaps in all 193 UN countries

Heymann

Varvaro-Toney

Raub

et al. 2023

EDI

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeWhile only one aspect of fulfilling equal rights, effectively addressing workplace discrimination is integral to creating economies, and countries, that allow for everyone's full and equal participation.Design/methodology/approachLabor, anti-discrimination, and other relevant pieces of legislation were identified through the International Labor Organization's NATLEX database, supplemented with legislation identified through country websites. For each country, two researchers independently coded legislation and answered questions about key policy features. Systematic quality checks and outlier verifications were conducted.FindingsMore than 1 in 5 countries do not explicitly prohibit racial discrimination in employment. 54 countries fail to prohibit unequal pay based on race. 107 countries prohibit racial and/or ethnic discrimination but do not explicitly require employers to take preventive measures against discrimination. The gaps are even larger with respect to multiple and intersectional discrimination. 112 countries fail to prohibit discrimination based on both migration status and race and/or ethnicity; 103 fail to do so for foreign national origin and race and/or ethnicity.Practical implicationsBoth recent and decades-old international treaties and agreements require every country globally to uphold equal rights regardless of race. However, specific national legislation that operationalizes these commitments and prohibits discrimination in the workplace is essential to their impact. This research highlights progress and gaps that must be addressed.Originality/valueThis is the first study to measure legal protections against employment discrimination based on race and ethnicity in all 193 UN countries. This study also examines protection in all countries from discrimination on the basis of characteristics that have been used in a number of settings as a proxy for racial/ethnic discrimination and exclusion, including SES, migration status, and religion.

show abstract

Section: The Critical Need To Accelerate Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, ethnicity, and discrimination at work: a new analysis of legal protections and gaps in all 193 UN countries

Heymann

Varvaro-Toney

Raub

et al. 2023

EDI

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Documentation of other policy databases has drawn out good practices for overcoming the limitations of constructing globally comparative indicators on a variety of topics related to health, equity and well-being. The WORLD Policy Analysis Center’s documentation of the development of the parental leave policy database highlights the importance of (1) referencing primary data sources, (2) defining essential features of policy with reference to existing research and global treaties, (3) developing coding frameworks that capture the richness of approaches across contexts, (4) reviewing a sample of countries’ policies to develop categories, (5) developing a coding manual for researchers and (6) working with a coding team that is fluent in multiple languages and can apply the coding framework consistently across countries, among other factors ( Raub et al. , 2022 ).…”

Section: Reflectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have noted the tensions that exist between (1) the long-term nature of the policy cycle and the short-term nature of funding for policy research and (ii) the depth of information that can be systematically obtained and the number of countries to be included in a comparative analysis ( Walt et al. , 2008 ; Raub et al., 2022 ). Despite these challenges, all authors agree that assessing policies is a crucial starting point for improving health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological reflections: developing the WHO database of violence against women policies

Watson¹,

Burke²,

Gold³

et al. 2023

Health Policy and Planning

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective This paper presents methodological reflections from the development of the WHO Violence against Women (VAW) Policies Database to inform future efforts to create similar public health policy databases for government accountability. Methods Using the WHO Global Plan of Action on Violence accountability measures as a starting point, the Database was developed over a two-year period in consultation with a reference group. A subset of indicators was piloted before finalization of a full list and the structure of the Database. Available VAW policies from 194 WHO Member States were reviewed by a team of consultants, who conducted content analysis and data entry. A ‘Manual and User Guide’ was developed to record decisions related to the processes for developing the Database. This guide was used to draw out key reflections in relation to policy indicators; inclusion criteria for policy documents; languages and analysis; quality assurance; and sustainability. Findings The process of developing the Database evolved iteratively in response to many factors, including the content of policies and the specificities of policy-making in each jurisdiction. Pragmatic decisions about the number of indicators and the types of policies to review were informed by pilot tests across a range of geographies. Standardization of analysis and data entry was ensured through the provision of in-depth guidance for researchers, and regular and open communication within the team was key to quality assurance. Online translation services enabled review of policy documents in most languages. Documentation of the methodology ensured that others could replicate processes with fidelity in the future. Conclusion Despite complexities, it is possible to develop a sound methodology for analyzing the content of policy documents in a manner that yields findings that are useful in holding governments accountable for the commitments to address VAW and other public health issues in policy.

show abstract

“…42,43,44,45,46,47 Mapping legal approaches supports monitoring and accountability, as well as future studies examining the impact of policy decisions on child health outcomes and effective implementation. 48,49 In this study, we apply these methods to examine the extent to which countries' laws limit the immigration detention of children. By basing our analysis on full-text original legislation that enables us to provide an actionable depth of information, we avoid many of the challenges and pitfalls of comparative indices, while still presenting a global picture of approaches to limiting child detention.…”

Section: International Agreements and Lawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing immigration detention of children: a comparative study of laws in 150 countries

Heymann

Raub

Pierce

et al. 2021

The International Journal of Human Rights

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 pandemic has shined a spotlight on the fundamental incompatibility of immigration detention with health. Yet immigration detention's threats to human rights did not begin with COVID-19. International treaties are clear that detaining children based on citizenship is a violation of human rights law. However, for international treaties and agreements to be fulfilled, most individual countries must enact domestic laws and policies to implement their commitments. In this study, we examine how many countries have laws to limit the detention of children.To assess the legislative protections for migrant and refugee children from detention, we created quantitatively comparable data on legal provisions across the 150 most populous UN member states. Our primary sources consisted of national-level laws, regulations, ministerial decisions, and executive decrees pertaining to asylum-seekers, refugees, and immigration.Globally, less than a quarter of countries legally protect unaccompanied asylum-seekers from detention and only 11% do so for accompanied minor migrants. Among countries that permit detention in at least some circumstances, only a minority address basic rights such as separation from adult strangers, family unity, access to education, and access to health care. Yet effective and human rights-respecting alternatives to detention exist; the evidence on these is provided.

show abstract

Utilizing a Comparative Policy Resource from the WORLD Policy Analysis Center Covering Constitutional Rights, Laws, and Policies across 193 Countries for Outcome Analysis, Monitoring, and Accountability

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Race, ethnicity, and discrimination at work: a new analysis of legal protections and gaps in all 193 UN countries

Race, ethnicity, and discrimination at work: a new analysis of legal protections and gaps in all 193 UN countries

Methodological reflections: developing the WHO database of violence against women policies

Preventing immigration detention of children: a comparative study of laws in 150 countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About