Utilization of zirconia stationary phase as a tool in drug control

Abstract

Zirconia-based stationary phases represent an interesting alternative to silica-based materials. Two zirconia-based stationary phases were studied as an option for use in drug analysis. The different properties of zirconia material, distinct from RP silica-columns, were employed for the development of a novel and rapid stability monitoring HPLC method. This method enables simultaneous control of possible degradation processes of active substance (ibuprofen) as well as antimicrobial excipients (methyl-and propylparaben). The separation of ibuprofen, its two main degradation products 2-(4-isobutyrylphenyl)propionic acid and 4-isobutylacetophenone, parabens, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid as their degradation product was successfully accomplished on a Zr-CarbonC18 column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (pH 4.8)-propan-2-ol (27:56:17, v/v/v). Detection was performed at 258 nm and the analysis was completed within 17 minutes.

A Zirconia‐Nanoparticles‐Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Voltammetric Determination of Ibuprofen

“…[50][51][52] ZrO 2 was successfully used for trapping of ibuprofen from a hydrophobic suppository matrix, as well as from hydrophilic environment such as oral suspensions. [50][51][52] Although the BDD electrodes allow ibuprofen voltammetric quantification at high electrode potentials without the oxygen evolution interference, currently they are not available in a recognized format similar to that of the other carbon electrodes, [47] while the commercial screen printed electrodes cannot be considered as a low-cost alternative to the carbon paste electrodes. The DME [59] provides a fresh surface for the reaction, but its application is restricted because of the mercury toxicity.…”

“…Literature data demonstrate that zirconia is capable to extract ibuprofen from pharmaceuticals thanks to strong ligand exchange interactions involving the carboxylic moiety of ibuprofen and the Lewis acid sites, i. e. the coordinatively unsaturated Zr(IV) metal centers on the zirconia surface. [50][51][52] Moreover, ZrO 2 addition to the carbon paste provides a large surface area, as well as a good structural stability, because of the ionic interaction between ZrO2 and the graphite. [53] ] Consequently, a simple, rapid, efficient, and inexpensive voltammetric method for ibuprofen determination at zirconiamodified CPE was proposed in this work.…”

“…Therefore, this novel work focuses on the ibuprofen determination at zirconia‐modified CPE by adsorptive stripping voltammetry taking advantage of the excellent zirconia adsorption performance, its affinity to ibuprofen, and its low cost. Literature data demonstrate that zirconia is capable to extract ibuprofen from pharmaceuticals thanks to strong ligand exchange interactions involving the carboxylic moiety of ibuprofen and the Lewis acid sites, i. e. the coordinatively unsaturated Zr(IV) metal centers on the zirconia surface [50–52] . Moreover, ZrO 2 addition to the carbon paste provides a large surface area, as well as a good structural stability, because of the ionic interaction between ZrO2 and the graphite [53] …”

Zirconia nanoparticles-coated column for the capillary electrochromatographic separation of iron-binding- and phosphorylated-proteins

“…It has drawn attention as a chromatographic column material due to its high thermal and chemical stability over a wide range of temperature and pH, as well as its unique surface chemistry. 7,8 Capture of phosphopeptides using a-zirconium phosphate nanoplatelets has been reported by Xu et al 9 Enrichment of phosphopeptides by ZrO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) is a good alternative of using immobilized metal affinity chromatography, and is promising for large-scale phosphoproteome analysis of complex biological samples. [10][11][12] A new acid mix enhances phosphopeptide enrichment on titanium-and zirconium-dioxide for mapping of phosphorylation sites on protein complexes.…”

Self-Controlled Coating Process for Drugs

“…The R(-) and S(+) forms have different physicochemical properties, and the melting point, solubility, and lipophilicity differ among the two forms. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Ibuprofen is sensitive to oxidative and photolytic degradation. The thermal degradation of ibuprofen was investigated in the work of Caviglioli et al 7 Ibuprofen forms a number of degradation products at 100 °C (in times of 4-7 h).…”