Utilization of waste solutions in perovskite technology

Maiorov, V. G.; Nikolaev, A. I.; Zilberman, B. Ya.; Shcherbakov, V. M.

doi:10.1134/s1070427207060055

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Nevertheless, there are some techniques for thorium utilisation (e.g. extraction of thorium by chloride solutions with tributyl phosphate) (Maiorov et al 2004(Maiorov et al , 2007.…”

Section: Technologies Of Ree Minerals Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earths of the Murmansk Region, NW Russia: minerals, extraction technologies and value

Kalashnikov

Коноплева

Danilin

2022

Applied Earth Science

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There are rich deposits of rare earth elements (REE) in the Murmansk region, Russia (approximately 14 194 kt of REE 2 O 3 ). At the moment only one of REE deposits are being extracted and processed, the Lovozero Loparite deposit. The main purpose of this article is to estimate the expected value of existing REE resources in the Murmansk region and to make an overview on actual technologies for the extraction and processing of REE from ore minerals. Based on these data, the authors propose a direction for the development of REE industry in the region, namely extraction of REE from minerals already mined (apatite of the Khibiny deposits and baddeleyite of the Kovdor deposit); optimisation or development of mineral processing technologies of eudialyte (the Lovozero Eudialyte deposit) and perovskite (the Afrikanda deposit); carrying out exploration works at the Keivy Zr-REE ore occurrences and developing processing and technologies for these ores.

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“…Nevertheless, there are some techniques for thorium utilisation (e.g. extraction of thorium by chloride solutions with tributyl phosphate) (Maiorov et al 2004(Maiorov et al , 2007.…”

Section: Technologies Of Ree Minerals Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earths of the Murmansk Region, NW Russia: minerals, extraction technologies and value

Kalashnikov

Коноплева

Danilin

2022

Applied Earth Science

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“…[2]. tion of radium with BaSO 4 [5]. After radionuclides have been removed, the specific activities of 226 Ra, 228 Ra, and 228 Th according to data from the Khlopin Radium Institute are 1.3 ± 0.3, 2.4 ± 1.2, and 1.3 ± 0.3 Bq/liter, respectively.…”

Section: Rare-earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different methods are effective for separating thorium -sorption, extraction, and precipitation [5,6]. The last two methods are technologically preferable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The important ecological problem of preventing radioactive wastes being dumped into the environment is solved at the same time. Efficient complex technologies making it possible to separate (as a secondary product) rich thorium concentrates with high thorium yield from thorium-poor raw material are under development [4,5]. Here it is necessary to take account of the fact that naturally occurring radionuclides present in sub-clarke quantities in nonradioactive raw material and in the surrounding rocks can accumulate in the course of mining, processing, usage, and transport in intermediate products and wastes, on equipment, and in transport containers (pipelines) and become a source of contamination of water, soil, and the atmosphere [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mineral reserves of naturally radioactive thorium-bearing raw materials

et al. 2012

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The state of mineral reserves of thorium-bearing raw materials from the Kola Peninsula and other regions of Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States is examined. Schemes for secondary extraction of thorium during processing of the most accessible raw-material sources -loparite, baddeleyite, monazite, pyrochlore, and columbite-tantalites -are presented. In theory, ores of operating mines, thorium-bearing wastes obtained during decontamination of reprocessed concentrates, as well as raw materials sources best prepared for processing, for example, perovskite concentrate from the Afrikanda field, rare-metal raw material from the Tomtor field, baddeleyite concentrate, and others, can meet the demand. It is concluded that in the near future about 300 tons thorium/yr can be obtained from accumulated wastes of operating mines and as a by-product of processing rare-earth raw material.The reserves of natural uranium containing 235 U -the only naturally occurring fissile isotope -are limited. For this reason, one of the main arguments for using thorium in nuclear power generation is expansion of the raw materials resources for maintaining and closing the nuclear fuel cycle. There is no firmly established practice of using 232 Th and 233 U in nuclear power, as a result of which there is a need to study different scenarios for such a closed nuclear fuel cycle [1]. The demand for thorium to start a closed nuclear fuel cycle and maintain a stationary state by thorium make-up must be examined for each scenario.The objective of the present work was to analyze the accessible raw materials -mineral concentrates and accumulated production wastes as a secondary source of thorium-bearing products. In so doing, a new commodity appears and the complexity of raw-materials usage increases.There are no confirmed thorium mineral reserves for commercial categories. No special prospecting and exploratory-prospecting work has been done in the last 40+ years [2,3]. The lack of demand for thorium products, whose real consumer can be nuclear power, is not a stimulus for the development of geological prospecting work or the subsequent chain of ore-enrichment and chemical-technological studies.The thorium content in the Earth's crust is 8·10 -4 wt.%, which is approximately 3.5 times higher than that of uranium. About 120 thorium-bearing minerals are known. Loparite, pyrochlore, and euxenite are the only thorium-bearing titano-tantaloniobates of commercial value. The main commercial source of thorium is monazite (Ce, La, Th)PO 4 (to 12% ThO 2 ) [2].

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Utilization of waste solutions in perovskite technology

Cited by 2 publications

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Rare earths of the Murmansk Region, NW Russia: minerals, extraction technologies and value

Rare earths of the Murmansk Region, NW Russia: minerals, extraction technologies and value

Mineral reserves of naturally radioactive thorium-bearing raw materials

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