Utilization of torula yeast (Candida utilis ) as a protein source in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) fry

Abstract

A 63 day–1 feeding trial was conducted under laboratory conditions to evaluate the effects of substituting animal protein with a mixture of plant feedstuffs including 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45% of the protein with torula yeast (Candida utilis), 20% with soybean meal and 15% with Alfalfa Leaf Protein Concentrate (ALC), in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) fry. Feeding efficiency was compared against a diet with fish meal as the sole protein source. Diet nutritional quality was very similar independent of composition, with no differences in growth parameters, but fish fed with 30% yeast diet showed the best growth performance. Diet composition did not affect feed or protein utilization, with the best feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and apparent nitrogen utilization in the 25% yeast diet. Protein digestibility was above 80% for all diets, and no differences in carcass composition were observed. The best incidence cost was obtained with 25% yeast and the highest profit index with 30% yeast, but no statistical differences were observed with the other treatments. The results suggest that it is possible to replace up to 65% of animal protein with a mixture of plant proteins, including 30% from torula yeast, in tilapia fry diets without adverse effects on fish performance and culture profit.

Replacement of Fish Meal with Ethanol Yeast in the Diets of Sunshine Bass

“…Had palatability not been an issue, these problems might have been exacerbated and observed in the whole-carcass composition of the 0% FM treatment group as in the 7.5% FM treatment. Comparison of these results with those of other studies is difficult because yeast is typically used as either a partial FM replacement (Rumsey et al 1990;Olivia-Teles and Gonçalves 2001;Olvera-Novoa et al 2002) or a feed supplement (Ortuño et al 2002;Li and Gatlin 2003, 2004, 2005. Similar patterns of growth and performance may be observed, however, when plant-based proteins replace FM.…”

“…Although optimal performance in this trial was achieved in the 15% FM treatment, dietary FM could be reduced to 7.5% and replaced with ethanol yeast without significantly impairing production performance relative to that of the control group. Other trials with yeast-based proteins have yielded comparable results, successfully replacing some fraction of FM in diets for lake trout Salvelinus namaycush (50% of total diet), European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (up to 50% protein from yeast), and Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (up to 40% protein from yeast; Rumsey et al 1990;Olivia-Teles and Gonçalves 2001;Olvera-Novoa et al 2002).…”

Apparent digestibility coefficient of chickpea, maize, high-quality protein maize, and beans diets in juvenile and adult Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus )

“…These ingredients are generally more expensive, scarce, and less available than ingredients of plant origin (Chamberlain, 1995). Various protein sources, such as coffee pulp (Ulloa Rojas and Verreth, 2003), leucaena leaf meal (Wee and Wang, 1987), cottonseed meal (Lee and Dabrowski, 2002), moringa (Richter et al, 2003), and torula yeast (Olvera-Novoa et al, 2002) have been studied as ingredients in diets for tilapia.…”

Interactive effects of dietary protein and live bakery yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) fry and their challenge against Aeromonas hydrophila infection

“…With excellent nutrient profiles and capacity to be produced economically, yeasts have been used in aquaculture diets as partial replacement for fishmeal (Oliva-Teles and Gonçalves 2001;Olvera-Novoa et al 2002;Li and Gatlin 2003;Cheng et al 2004). Furthermore, yeasts contain various immunostimulating compounds such as b-glucan, nucleic acids, mannan oligosaccharides, and chitin and have been proved to enhance the immune response (Ortuño et al 2002;Gatlin 2004, 2005).…”