Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of <i>Pluerotus ostreatus</i> (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria

Abstract

Commercial crop production and many other agro-industrial activities generate large amount of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This research is aimed at the utilization of some of these agro-wastes for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi area. The agro-wastes (cassava peels (CP), banana leaves (BL), saw dust (SD), yam peels (YP) and groundnut shells (GS) were collected, sorted, shredded, sterilized and inoculated with equal proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus (P. osreatus) for a period of four weeks. Rate of mycelia growth, temperature, mycological identification, nutritional contents of P. osreatus harvested and microbial isolation from the spent mushroom substrates were analyzed. The numbers of days for complete ramification of the substrates by mycelia of P. osreatus were; 18 days for BL and GS, 24 days for CP and YP while 30 days for SD. The room temperature within the period of exposure for fruiting of the ramified substrates ranges between 22°C to 28°C in the morning, 23°C to 30°C in the afternoon and 25°C to 31°C in the evening throughout the period of exposure. The nutritional contents of the Pleurotus ostreatus from the different substrates analysed were, Moisture content was highest in SD (87.05%) and lest in GS (80.71%), Protein content was highest in GS (38.13%) and lowest in BL (16.43%), Lipid content was highest in GS (4.62%) and lest in CP (1.83%), Carbohydrate content was highest in CP (78.40%) and lest in GS (71.66%), Fibre content was highest in BL (9.10%) and lest in YP (8.20%) while Ash content was highest in GS (7.37%) and lest in YP (6.42%). Five bacteria species (Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus roseus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) were isolated from the spent mushroom substrates.

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota with Prebiotics and Antimicrobial Agents from Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom

“…In other worse scenarios, these byproducts that are not properly discarded end up contaminating the water bodies like rivers and lakes. Overall, the environmental impact can be noticed in water, soil, and air quality [34,[37][38][39], and the approach of circular economy management becomes relevant when the data show that, for example, fruit byproducts-such as peels, bagasse, seeds, and stems-represent almost 50% of fresh fruit and have high nutritional value, which is sometimes present even in a higher concentration compared to the final product available, and the cost efficiency of these byproducts is different in different years and countries [38]. By 2017, the circular economy approach differed from these traditional practices in the way that the recovery and valorization of wastes and byproducts became a main objective, with the final purpose to put them back in the supply chain to generate economic growth [40].…”

Comparative Effect of Spent Mushroom Compost and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench and Zea mays L. Using Fodder Hydroponics Techniques

“…It was noted that the use of agro-waste as a source of plant nutrients serves as environmental sanitation as well as reduction in craving for mineral fertilizers by farmers. [15,16] reported that the SMC was entangled with innumerable mushroom threads collectively referred to as mycelia which could have modified the substrate biochemically by production of enzymes. Sprouting grains for human consumption has been used for centuries in Asian countries to improve food value [17].…”