Utilization of Sheep Wool as a Building Material

Dénes, Orsolya; Florea, Iacob; Manea, Daniela Lucia

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.208

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Several studies also evaluated the sheep wool fire reaction. As reported by Dénes [8], in case of fire, sheep wool does not contribute to the flame propagation since it carbonizes and does not burn. Wool is a self-extinguishable material thanks to the high presence of nitrogen ( Table 3).…”

Section: Specific Heat Capacitymentioning

confidence: 60%

“…A recent paper review [8] was focused on the use of sheep wool fiber as a building material and provides a collection of measurements and tests concerning its main physical properties. Thermal insulation was evaluated by comparing wool with polystyrene.…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Sheep Woolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, some studies have been carried out [21][22][23][24] with the aim of investigating the possible use of sheep wool inside different composite matrixes, such as unfired clay adobe or cement mortar. In their review, Dénes et al [8] evaluated mechanical performances by comparing wool with polypropylene fibers used as concrete reinforced fibers. Compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile strength have been measured.…”

Section: Mineral Matter 1%mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, since flour is an explosive material, an important aspect to be considered is the fire reaction of mill building materials. Sheep wool is a natural fiber that does not contribute to the propagation of flame and has a fire reaction class 'E' [8]. As a result of the high presence of nitrogen within its composition, wool is a self-extinguishing material that burns slowly and, in case of flame, sputtering is low.…”

Section: External and Internal Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organized Framework of Main Possible Applications of Sheep Wool Fibers in Building Components

Parlato

Porto

2020

Sustainability

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Greasy sheep wool is currently considered a special waste for its high bacterial load, with expensive disposal costs for sheep breeders. For this reason, wool is often burned or buried, with serious consequences for the environment. On the other hand, sheep wool is well regarded as one of the most performative insulating natural fibers due to its thermo-hygrometric and acoustic properties. In the building sector, sheep wool meets the requirements of green building components because it is an eco-friendly material, there is a surplus of it, it is annually renewable, and totally recyclable. If used instead of common insulation materials (e.g., fiberglass, rock wool, polyurethane foam, polystyrene), sheep wool offers significant benefits for sustainability such as a reduction in the production costs for new insulating materials and in environmental pollution. Mechanical and physical properties of sheep wool investigated in previous studies were assessed and discussed with the aim of providing an organized framework of possible applications of wool fibers in building components. This paper highlights in detail aspects that have not yet been investigated enough to detect new potential uses of sheep wool fibers in rural buildings and the reuse of traditional ones.

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Section: Specific Heat Capacitymentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Physical Properties Of Sheep Woolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mineral Matter 1%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: External and Internal Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organized Framework of Main Possible Applications of Sheep Wool Fibers in Building Components

Parlato

Porto

2020

Sustainability

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show abstract

“…New keywords define buildings such as passive, green, eco-friendly, sustainable and so forth. Different natural and traditional resources such as straw bale [2], hemp [3], flax [4], cob [5], sheep wool [6] and so forth are reconsidered as building materials. Moreover, new composite materials based on waste, such as glass [7,8], rubber [9] and so forth, have been studied and investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations on the Performances of Composite Building Materials Based on Industrial Crops and Volcanic Rocks

2020

Self Cite

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Interdisciplinary and sustainability represent the main characteristics of this paper due to the fact that this research is offering a connection between two main areas-agronomy and construction, by using hemp shiv for the design of new building materials, which can increase the sustainability level of the building industry. For this reason, the main scope of this study is based on the investigation of a new category of composite building materials-lightweight mortars based on hemp shiv, volcanic rocks and white cement-which contribute to a positive environmental impact and help to increase indoor comfort. A complex report was carried out on two segments. The first one is focused upon the characteristics of the raw materials from the composition of the new materials, while the second segment presents a detailed analysis of these composites including morphological and chemical investigation, pyrolytic and fire behavior, compression and flexural strengths, and acoustic and thermal characteristics. The proposed recipes have as a variable volcanic rocks, while the hemp and the binder maintain their volumes and properties. The results were analyzed according to the influence of volcanic rocks on the new composites.Crystals 2020, 10, 102 2 of 21 consideration in the construction sector. There is a significant number of studies on hemp shiv with lime, which is a composite material named hempcrete [12][13][14], but there are only few studies that concern hemp shiv with cement [15][16][17][18][19].Due to the fact that hemp shiv presents poor fire resistance, a new approach can be made with volcanic rocks, which are natural products with higher fire resistance [20]. These materials are usually found in the composition of mortars used in the rehabilitation process of the walls, because of their increased mechanical resistances [21]. They also present sound and thermal properties, as well as a low density, which will help the workability of the mortar. Durable and with higher strength properties for structural application [20], volcanic rocks are low cost materials [22] that also present fire retarding properties for steel structures [23].Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the volcanic rocks when these are incorporated in hemp-cement composite materials used as interior mortars. These building materials are developed to be suitable not only for eco-friendly construction but also in regular buildings made from concrete, steel, and so forth, where they can increase indoor comfort. Materials and Methods Raw MaterialsThe composition of the new materials is designed to increase indoor comfort by developing new types of lightweight mortars, obtained as prefabricated plates. In order to understand the characteristics of the new composites, hemp shiv, natural and treated; volcanic rocks, perlite and vermiculite; and binders, white cement and hydrated lime, were analyzed. Hemp ShivThe hemp shiv used for the new composites was received from HempFlax Romania (Pianu De Jos, Alba, Romania). The chemical stru...

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Evaluating the Humidity Responsiveness of Bacterial Cellulose for Application in Responsive, Breathable Building Skins

Pynirtzi,

Debnath,

Lantzanakis

et al. 2023

RILEM Bookseries

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Breathable building skins have potential to reduce the operational energy requirements of buildings, which currently accounts for 28% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Moisture-responsive bio-based materials, such as wood and nanocellulosic fibres, can provide mechanical actuation due to their reversible shape change, through continuous wetting and drying process enabling the building envelope to passively respond to the environment while avoiding the need for mechanical ventilation. This study was conducted to evaluate the moisture responsiveness of bacterial cellulose materials that would lead to their potential use in the built environment. Thin sheets of bacterial cellulose were grown via the 'kombucha' process and six square samples were exposed to high and low relative humidity in a climate chamber at a constant temperature of 25 ℃. The results from eight, 4-day long, consecutive wetting-drying cycles (10% to 90% to 10% relative humidity), showed that bacterial cellulose presents significant, rapid and reversible dimensional changes. Changing from 10% to 90% relative humidity resulted in a thickness change around 15% and a weight change of 10% within one hour. The maximum changes detected were 97% in weight and 116% in thickness after 48 hours at 90% relative humidity. After 24 days of cyclic testing, the cyclic dimensional changes were maintained indicating no reduction in moisture responsiveness. The outputs of this study will inform the development and integration of bacterial cellulose within breathable wall constructions, in combination with insulation, thermal mass and cladding, to provide a passive, responsive, variable porosity building skin.

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Utilization of Sheep Wool as a Building Material

Cited by 49 publications

References 5 publications

Organized Framework of Main Possible Applications of Sheep Wool Fibers in Building Components

Organized Framework of Main Possible Applications of Sheep Wool Fibers in Building Components

Experimental Investigations on the Performances of Composite Building Materials Based on Industrial Crops and Volcanic Rocks

Evaluating the Humidity Responsiveness of Bacterial Cellulose for Application in Responsive, Breathable Building Skins

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