Utilization of Selected Nanoparticles (Ag2O and MnO2) for the Production of High-Quality and Environmental-Friendly Gasoline

Abstract

Nowadays, the devastating effects of the pollutants produced by gasoline are known well. As a result, scientists are looking for a better formula to replace the gasoline currently in use. Using different additives has been one of the strategies developed throughout the years. However, because certain compounds damage the environment and human life, researchers must now choose which additives to use. The primary goal of this work is to test a gasoline combination with nano-additives Ag2O and MnO2 in a 4-stroke vehicle engine (Fiat 128) and to investigate the influence of novel mixes on the efficiency of combustion rates and the amount of target pollutant gas released (CO, NOx, and the exhaust temperature). The tests were carried out at three different engine speeds: 2000, 2500, and 2900 rpm. At the end of the test, the 0.05% concentration of Ag2O nano-additive was chosen as the best sample, which increases engine performance in gasoline combustion rates and minimizes harmful gas emissions. Furthermore, CO and NOx emissions were lowered by 52% and 35%, respectively, according to EURO 6, indicating a considerable reduction in mortality rates and costs. Finally, a new mechanism was observed using Ag2O nanoparticles, leading to a reduction in CO and CO2 at the same time.

Evaluation of Performance Improvement of Gasoline Fuels by Adding Propanol, Ethanol, and Diisopropyl Ether along with Metal Oxides of CeO2 and Fe2O3

“…On the other hand, the addition of ethanol increases the amount of NOx because it provides the temperature conditions for the production of NOx. Adding isopropanol to gasoline is quite different and reduces NOx emissions because nanoparticles in combination with isopropanol act as a Improving engine performance and reducing NOx and CO [60] Addition of isobutanol to methanol-ethanol gasoline blend fuel Isobutanol added to methanol-ethanol-gasoline combination fuel increases engine performance and reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to gasoline fuel with methanol-ethanol.…”

Advanced Progress and Prospects for Producing High-Octane Gasoline Fuel toward Market Development: State-of-the-Art and Outlook

“…In general, properly blended M15 fuel with appropriate levels of cosolvents (for low temperature phase stability) and corrosion inhibitors provides satisfactory performance. 124 Figure 10 indicates the periods of use of various high-octane components of motor gasoline around the world.…”

“…M15 was chosen by automakers as the limiting percentage of methanol that could be used in an existing fleet with little or no change in vehicle performance and materials used in vehicle fuel systems. In general, properly blended M15 fuel with appropriate levels of cosolvents (for low temperature phase stability) and corrosion inhibitors provides satisfactory performance Figure indicates the periods of use of various high-octane components of motor gasoline around the world.…”