Utilization of low-grade heat for desalination and electricity generation through thermal osmosis energy conversion process

Luo, Qizhao; He, An; Xu, Shihao; Miao, Mengyu; Liu, Tong; Cao, Bin; Shan, Kunpeng; Tang, Bin; Hu, Xuejiao; Huang, Lu; Jiang, Haifeng

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.139560

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Waste heat recovery systems using VGMs can be operated in both closed- and open-loop systems, both of which have potential advantages over conventional technologies. , While any working fluid can be used in principle, most studies have focused on utilizing water as a working fluid for the process. The relatively high surface tension of water (72 mN m –1 at 25 °C) and the large availability of water sources make it well-suited for TOEC.…”

Section: Recovery Of Waste Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) Measured experimental power density of TOEC in the literature shown as a function of the operating pressure. ,,,,,− (b) Estimated heat-to-electricity energy conversion efficiency of thermo-osmotic energy conversion (TOEC), thermoelectrics (TE), and the organic Rankine cycle as a function of the temperature difference with a heat sink at 20 °C. ,,− ,− The Carnot efficiency, which represents the theoretical upper bound, is also shown.…”

Section: Recovery Of Waste Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximizing Biochemical and Energy Recovery from Wastewater Using Vapor-Gap Membranes

Kalam,

Dutta,

et al. 2024

ACS EST Eng.

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Carbon, nutrients, and heat are available in vast quantities in wastewater. However, technologies that can effectively extract chemicals and energy are needed to realize wastewater as a sustainable resource. Recent advances in wetting-resistant porous membranes, termed vapor-gap membranes (VGMs), have demonstrated that they are well-suited to the facile, selective, and cost-effective recovery of volatile resources and energy from wastewater. In this review, we examine the promise and limitations of VGM-based processes with a particular focus on two types of resources from wastewater: dissolved volatile compounds and low-grade heat. We begin by discussing the driving forces and selective mechanisms required for the extraction of different resources through VGMs. Then, the current status and challenges for the recovery of volatile compounds using VGMs are presented. We also analyze the resource potential of thermal energy in wastewater and its recovery using VGMs. Based on the membrane capabilities, process requirements, and resource availability, we assess the feasibility of wastewater valorization using VGMs and identify the research needs to achieve high recovery efficiency, long-term reliability, and scalability.

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Section: Recovery Of Waste Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recovery Of Waste Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing Biochemical and Energy Recovery from Wastewater Using Vapor-Gap Membranes

Kalam,

Dutta,

et al. 2024

ACS EST Eng.

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“…[154] Furthermore, creating a temperature gradient within the system also can enhance the power density. [107,155] For example, for a COF-(SO 3 Na) x /PAN membrane, the introduction of a 60 K temperature gradient resulted in an increase in the corresponding output power density from 97 to 231 W m −2 . [89] In a COFbased membrane, the introduction of a 5 K temperature gradient increased the concentration ratio of Cl − ions between highand low-concentration regions from 3.4 to 5.0, because introducing a temperature gradient can enhance hydrodynamic convection, thus effectively suppressing ICP.…”

Section: External Stimulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials‐Based Nanochannel Membrane for Osmotic Energy Harvesting

Li,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Harvesting clean and renewable osmotic energy through reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology offers a promising solution to address energy crisis problems. The development of nanochannel membranes constructed from diverse nanomaterials plays a crucial role in enabling efficient osmotic energy conversion. In this review, first an overview of the mechanism of the RED process is provided and the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, covering 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials, and the osmotic conversion performances of the constructed nanochannel membranes. Then, the relationship between chemical properties and structural features of nanochannel membranes is specifically highlighted, including surface charge property and geometric structure, and osmotic energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, the introduction of external stimuli, such as light, temperature, pH, external pressure, and changes in electrolyte environments, are also discussed. Finally, the research directions and future challenges in the field of osmotic energy harvesting using nanochannel membranes based on nanomaterials are presented. The focus is on refining the osmotic conversion mechanism, as well as optimizing the structure design.

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Simultaneous water production and electricity generation driven by synergistic temperature-salinity gradient in thermo-osmosis process

Luo,

Pei,

Yun

et al. 2023

Applied Energy

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Utilization of low-grade heat for desalination and electricity generation through thermal osmosis energy conversion process

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Maximizing Biochemical and Energy Recovery from Wastewater Using Vapor-Gap Membranes

Maximizing Biochemical and Energy Recovery from Wastewater Using Vapor-Gap Membranes

Nanomaterials‐Based Nanochannel Membrane for Osmotic Energy Harvesting

Simultaneous water production and electricity generation driven by synergistic temperature-salinity gradient in thermo-osmosis process

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