Utilization of ladle furnace slag as cement partial replacement: Influences on the hydration and hardening properties of cement

Fang, Kuizhen; Wang, Dongmin; Zhao, Jihui; Zhang, Ming

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124265

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…LF steel slag is the solid waste produced by the secondary refining of BOF and EAF steel. About 10-50 kg of LF steel slag is discharged for each ton of crude steel refined [11,[27][28][29]. Simultaneously, LF steel slag appears as a loose powder, which is more suitable for utilization as a supplementary cementitious material than the aggregate.…”

Section: Production Of Steel Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, using SSAC in a building structure should take into account the excess self-weights. To guide the selfweight estimation of SSAC, the data collected in the literature are fitted, and the results are presented in Formulas (10) and (11). Where D c refers to the density of concrete prepared with coarse SSA, D f refers to the density of concrete prepared with fine SSA, and r stands for the replacement ratio of SSA.…”

Section: Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, one recycling option is to grind steel slags into a fine powder and use it as a supplementary cementitious material. It has been proved that replacing cement with 10-20% steel slag powder does not weaken the mechanical strength of the system [9][10][11], but extends the setting time of the mixed slurry [12]. Steel slag can also act as a corrective raw material for iron in the cement production process due to the high content of iron oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review

Ren,

2023

Materials

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Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel slags and the continuous use of residue yards have led to vast occupation of land resources and caused severe environmental concerns. Steel slag particles can potentially be used as aggregates in concrete production. However, the volume stability of steel slag is poor, and the direct use of untreated steel slag aggregate (SSA) may cause cracking and spalling of concrete. The present research summarizes, analyzes, and compares the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of steel slags. The mechanism and treatment methods of volume expansion are introduced, and the advantages, disadvantages, and applicable targets of these methods are discussed. Then, the latest research progress of steel slag aggregate concrete (SSAC) is reviewed. Using SSA leads to an increase in the density of concrete and a decrease in workability, but the mechanical properties and durability of SSAC are superior to natural aggregate concrete (NAC). Finally, future research in this field is proposed to motivate further studies and guide decision-making.

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Section: Production Of Steel Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review

Ren,

2023

Materials

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“…In recent years, the annual output of industrial waste residue in China has been as high as 3.6 billion tons [ 4 ]. According to reference [ 5 ], steel slag is a by-product of crude steel smelting, and its output can reach about 12% of crude steel output. In addition, the crude steel output of China in 2022 was 1.018 billion tons, ranking first in the world, which indicates that the steel slag output reached 122 million tons in 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Mechanical and Shrinkage Characteristics of a Resource-Based Cement Solid-Waste Concrete

Ning,

Jiang,

et al. 2023

Materials

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Recycling of multi-source solid waste is of great benefit to energy conservation and environmental governance. In this paper, a new type of environmental protection concrete for railway accessory facilities was prepared from silicon-manganese slag, steel slag, fly ash and recycled macadam. Seven kinds of concrete with different mix proportions were designed. Through unconfined compressive strength, splitting, drying shrinkage and temperature shrinkage tests, the multivariate changing trends of steel slag content, cement dosage and age on the anti-interference ability of concrete were investigated. The main mechanisms of the development of mechanical and dry shrinkage properties were revealed by the hydration process of 3SR-60. The results show that 3SR-60 had better mechanical strength under the same cement dosage. The temperature shrinkage strain decreased and then increased with the rise of the proportion of waste residue, increased with the addition of cement dosage and decreased first and then increased with the descent in the temperature. The temperature shrinkage coefficient reached the lowest value at 0–10 °C. The drying shrinkage coefficient decreases with the increase in the proportion of waste residue and increases with the increase in cement dosage. The dry shrinkage strain increased rapidly during the first 8 days and became almost constant after 30 days. Cementation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and ettringite (AFt) developed continuously and filled the internal pores of the structure, interlocking and cementing with each other, which made the microstructure develop from a three-dimensional network to a dense complex, and the macro dimension was reflected in the enhancement of the power to resist external interference. The conclusion of the test summarized that SR-60 had preferable mechanical and shrinkage performance.

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“…These methods are defined by the steel industry, during the stages of steel production, depending on the raw material available and technologies adopted, and can be classified as slow or fast [9]. Slow cooling occurs from the contact of the slag with moisture in the air, while rapid cooling occurs by spraying water on the material, causing a thermal shock [10,11]. In slow cooling, the chemical reactions of transformation of larnite (βC 2 S) into belite (γC 2 S) stand out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the cooling process on the physicochemical properties of ladle furnace slag, used in the replacement of Portland cement

et al. 2022

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Ladle furnace slag is a waste composed essentially of quicklime or hydrated lime, whose contents depend on the raw material and the cooling process that led to the slag batch. With this chemical composition, it is used by civil construction as a hydraulic binder in cement matrices. The chemical compounds mentioned are also present in Portland cement, which are part of the chemical reactions of hydration and hardening. However, the quality of LFS batches calls for attention to volume expansion caused by chemical compounds whose presence and content can be controlled by the cooling method adopted in the production. Considering the use of this material as a partial replacement for Portland cement, the objective of this study was the physicochemical characterization of LFS samples to evaluate the influence of the cooling method on its potential as a complementary binder in cementitious matrices. In this sense, 3 samples from different batches were analyzed and the effects of each cooling process. The results include analysis of specific mass, laser diffraction for particle size analysis, X-ray fluorescence and X-Ray Diffraction tests. It was verified that the sample obtained by slow cooling is the most suitable as binder, as it features less possibility of expansive chemical reactions and presents greater fineness.

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Utilization of ladle furnace slag as cement partial replacement: Influences on the hydration and hardening properties of cement

Cited by 35 publications

References 43 publications

Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review

Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review

Research on Mechanical and Shrinkage Characteristics of a Resource-Based Cement Solid-Waste Concrete

Influence of the cooling process on the physicochemical properties of ladle furnace slag, used in the replacement of Portland cement

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