Utilization of Intestinal Triglyceride-rich Lipoproteins in Mammary Gland of Cows

Uchide, Tsuyoshi; Onda, Ken; Bonkobara, Makoto; Thongsong, Boonrit; Matsuki, Naoaki; Inaba, Mutsumi; Ono, Kenichiro

doi:10.1292/jvms.61.1143

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Despite these differences, data suggest an important role for VLDLR in concert with LPL [ 25 ] in milk fat synthesis during lactation. Mammary VLDLR could act on chylomicrons or intestinal VLDL, which contain apo-B48 [ 26 ]. In general, our data are in agreement with previous work reporting higher efficiency of mammary TAG uptake from lipoproteins at the beginning of lactation [ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mammary VLDLR could act on chylomicrons or intestinal VLDL, which contain apo-B48 [ 26 ]. In general, our data are in agreement with previous work reporting higher efficiency of mammary TAG uptake from lipoproteins at the beginning of lactation [ 26 ]. The pattern of mammary tissue expression of LPL during lactation was in accordance with the typical increase in blood LDL in dairy cows post-partum, which is an indirect index of VLDL utilization [ 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene networks driving bovine milk fat synthesis during the lactation cycle

2008

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Background: The molecular events associated with regulation of milk fat synthesis in the bovine mammary gland remain largely unknown. Our objective was to study mammary tissue mRNA expression via quantitative PCR of 45 genes associated with lipid synthesis (triacylglycerol and phospholipids) and secretion from the late pre-partum/non-lactating period through the end of subsequent lactation. mRNA expression was coupled with milk fatty acid (FA) composition and calculated indexes of FA desaturation and de novo synthesis by the mammary gland.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene networks driving bovine milk fat synthesis during the lactation cycle

2008

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“…The TG concentration is not decreased, but rather increased in cows with milk fever [192]. This increase cannot be explained simply by the interruption of milking by recumbency, because, in addition to TG [40,177], CE is taken up by the mammary gland [118]. Cows with milk fever have higher E 2 concentrations than healthy cows [4,161].…”

Section: Fatty Liver-related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CM TG is hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase, which is distributed in endothelial surfaces, and fatty acids liberated are used as an energy source by various tissues. In cows, CM is utilized by the mammary gland to produce milk fats [177]. The CM remnants, formed after hydrolysis, are taken up by the liver.…”

Section: A Brief Sketch Of Lipoprotein Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Apolipoproteins in the Development of Fatty Liver and Fatty Liver-Releted Peripartum Diseases in Dairy Cows.

2002

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ABSTRACT. Most metabolic diseases in dairy cows occur during the peripartum period and are suggested to be derived from fatty liver initially developed during the nonlactating stage. Fatty liver is induced by hepatic uptake of nonesterified fatty acids that are released in excess by adipose tissues attributable to negative energy balance. The fatty accumulation leads to impairment of lipoprotein metabolism in the liver, and the impairment in turn influences other metabolic pathways in extrahepatic tissues such as the steroid hormone production by the corpus luteum. Detailed understanding of the impaired lipoprotein metabolism is crucial for elucidation of the mechanistic bases of the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related peripartum diseases. This review summarizes results on evaluation of lipoprotein lipid and protein concentrations and enzyme activity in cows with fatty liver and those with ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum, milk fever, downer syndrome and retained placenta. Obtained data strongly suggest that decreases in serum concentrations of apolipoprotein B-100, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein C-III, a reduction in activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and induction of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A are intimately related to the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases. Moreover, determination of the apolipoprotein concentrations and enzyme activity during the peripartum period is useful for early diagnoses of these diseases. KEY WORDS: apolipoprotein, bovine, estrogen receptor, fatty liver, protein kinase C.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(4): 293-307, 2002 PREFACE AND SCOPE OF THIS REVIEW Control of metabolic diseases, including ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum (LDA), milk fever and downer cow syndrome are crucially important for modern dairy husbandry, because their occurrence is intimately related to extensive feeding and management of dairy cows and also because high-yielding cows are particularly susceptible to such diseases. Affected cows, even after recovery from those metabolic diseases, have high incidences of reproductive and infectious diseases. Most metabolic diseases occur during the peripartum period (2 to 4 weeks from parturition) and are suggested to be caused by fatty liver (hepatic lipidosis) initially developed during the nonlactating stage. Fatty liver is a condition in which triglycerides (TG) accumulate in the liver. As a logical consequence, the TG accumulation results in impaired metabolism of lipoproteins, most of which are produced by the liver. Lipoproteins have a role in the transport of lipids between the liver and extrahepatic tissues. Impairment of lipoprotein metabolism is linked to disturbances of other metabolic pathways in extrahepatic tissues, for example, the steroid hormone production in the corpus luteum. Studies on impaired lipoprotein metabolism are therefore prerequisite to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases. Lipoproteins consist of lipids a...

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“…In addition, some fatty acids (saturated mainly of 10–14 carbon atoms) may be synthesized de novo in the liver, mammary gland and other tissues [37]. Fatty acids from ingested food after absorption by the intestinal villi in the small intestine, undergo re-esterification into triacylglycerol and in the form of chylomicrons are delivered to the mammary gland [38]. During periods of a shortage of dietary fat, triacylglycerols are transported from the liver to the mammary gland in the form of VLDL (very low density lipoproteins).…”

Section: Structural Determinants Of Milk Fat Globules Secretion – Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Phospholipid Flux during Milk Secretion in the Mammary Gland

Smoczyński

2017

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia

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Lipids are a complex group of chemical compounds that are a significant component of the human diet and are one of the main constituents of milk. In mammals, lipids are produced in the milk-secreting cells in the form of milk fat globules. The chemical properties of these compounds necessitate developing separate processes for effective management of non-polar substances in the polar environment of the cell, not only during their biosynthesis and accumulation in the cell interior and secretion of intracytoplasmic lipid droplets outside the cell, but also during digestion in the offspring. Phospholipids play an important role in these processes. Their characteristic properties make them indispensable for the secretion of milk fat as well as other milk components. This review investigates how these processes depend on the coordinated flux and availability of phospholipids and how the relationship between the surface area (phospholipids) and volume (neutral lipids) of the cytoplasmic lipid droplets must be in biosynthetic balance. The structure formed as a result (i.e. a milk fat globule) is therefore a result of specified structural limitations inside the cell, whose overcoming enables the coordinated secretion of milk components. This structure and its composition also reflects the nutritional demands of the developing infant organism as a result of evolutionary adaptation.

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Utilization of Intestinal Triglyceride-rich Lipoproteins in Mammary Gland of Cows

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Gene networks driving bovine milk fat synthesis during the lactation cycle

Gene networks driving bovine milk fat synthesis during the lactation cycle

Relevance of Apolipoproteins in the Development of Fatty Liver and Fatty Liver-Releted Peripartum Diseases in Dairy Cows.

Role of Phospholipid Flux during Milk Secretion in the Mammary Gland

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