Utilization of Fruit Wastes (Jackfruit and Mango Seeds and Banana Trunk) as Natural Coagulants in Treating Municipal Wastewater

Abstract

The adequacy of chemical coagulant such as alum is all around perceived. However, there are numerous drawbacks including impeding impacts on human well-being and generation of high sludge volumes. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate potential of fruit wastes - jackfruit (artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds, banana trunk peduncles (musa) and mango (mangifera indica) seeds in becoming natural coagulant to treat wastewater. A series of jar test was performed to determine the effect of individual coagulants on turbidity removal, coagulation activity and COD removal under various operating factors such as type and concentration of solvents used for extraction, pH and coagulant dosage. From the findings, optimum solvent concentration of 2.5M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacted with banana trunk peduncles at optimum pH and dosage of pH 7 and 50 mg/L, respectively with turbidity removal of 90.2%, coagulation activity of 83.4% and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 94.8%.

Turbidity reduction efficacies of seed kernels of Mango (Mangifera indica) genotypes in Uganda

“…The coagulating active components believed to be proteins was found to constitute up to 58 % of the mango seed [ 13 ]. Using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and NaCl extraction solvents, the coagulating active component of the mango seed kernel was found to be 25.1 % and 49.75 %, respectively [ 14 ]. Results from this study showed that the protein content of a plant part (such as the mango seed in this case) depends on the extraction solvent used.…”

“…Furthermore, turbidity removal efficacy of 98.6 % was found under an optimum condition of 0.5 mL/L of mango seeds at pH of 13 to treat synthetic turbid water with turbidity values in the range 17.5–90 NTU [ 13 ]. The optimum turbidity removal of Mango seed was also achieved using dosage of 100 mg/L under pH of 6 or 9 [ 14 ]. The potential of M .…”

A Novel Natural Active Coagulant Agent Extracted from the Sugarcane Bagasse for Wastewater Treatment

“…Moreover, agro-wastes with high moisture content tend to possess a shorter lifespan as they will decompose or even rot faster than oven-dried sources [20]. Not limited to that, raw agro-wastes with high moisture content will be difficult to grind as water act as a plasticizer that bridge the particles, hence increasing the cohesiveness of the powder [21,22]. Many studies have been carried out on different types of natural coagulants.…”

“…Despite not having a rough and porous surface area, bagasse has a large surface area that can enhance the interparticle bridging mechanism. In addition, according to Shahimi et al [22], bagasse can still become a good natural coagulant by removing significantly high turbidity content.…”