Utilization of Ensiled Cassava Leaf and Taro Mixed with Waste of Soybean Meal as Protein Sources Fed Different Sources of Energy on Fattening Crossbred Pigs

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at the station of Agricultural Research of Svay Rieng University, and was carried out from 15th April to 17th June 2023 with the title “Utilization of ensiled cassava leaf and taro mixed with waste of soybean meal as protein sources fed different sources of energy on fattening crossbred pigs”. This research has 3 objectives: 1. To compare DM feed intake of crossbred pigs, 2. To compare the growth rate of crossbred pigs, and 3. To compare the feed conversion of crossbred pigs. There were 12 pigs were arranged within 2*2 factorial design through Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The factor with the energy source: rice bran or broken rice and the factor with the protein source: Ensiled taro mixed with waste of soybean meal or Ensiled cassava leaf mixed with waste of soybean meal. The treatments of the study are: T1: Ensiled Taro 30% + Waste of Soybean Meal 20% + Rice Bran 49% + Premix 1%; T2: Ensiled Taro 30% + Waste of Soybean Meal 20% + Broken Rice 49% + Premix 1%; T3: Ensiled Cassava Leaf 25% + Waste of Soybean Meal 25% + Rice Bran 49% + Premix 1%; and T4: Ensiled Cassava Leaf 25% + Waste of Soybean Meal 25% + Broken Rice 49% + Premix 1%. The period of experiment were 60 days only. All data were collected daily such as feed offer and feed refusals. Those pigs were weighed at every 10 days from the starting of the experiment until the end of experiment. The experiments’ results were found that total intake on the energy sources were higher significant differently in broken rice compared with the rice bran (P<0.01) as total intake on the protein sources were higher significant differently on the ensiled taro mixed with waste of soybean meal (P<0.01). Growth rate on the energy sources were higher significant differently in broken rice as compared to the rice bran (P<0.01) while growth rate for the ensiled taro plus waste of soybean meal was slightly high if compared with the ensile cassava plus waste of soybean meal (P>0.05). Feed conversion ratio on the energy sources was better significant in broken rice compared to the rice bran (P<0.01) while feed conversion for ensiled taro mixed with waste of soybean meal was slightly better as compared with the ensile cassava plus waste of soybean meal (P>0.05). In conclusion, the use of the protein source from the ensiled taro mixed with waste of soybean meal plus the energy source of broken rice or rice bran, the pigs were increased on total intake, live weight gain and good improvement of feed conversion rather than the use of ensiled cassava leaf mixed with waste of soybean meal plus broken rice or rice bran. The research outcome indicated that efficiency of protein offering is asked to use the ensiled taro with waste of soybean meal combination with basal diet of broken rice or rice bran on reproduction of sows in the next trial.