Utilization of Cerebral Blood Flow Study With Computed Tomography for Subdural Hematoma Management

Abstract

Stroke is among the leading causes of death in the United States, and with our aging population, it will remain a pertinent obstacle in the acute setting. While the field of neuroradiology has advanced tremendously over the years, particularly in improving what we can visualize and quantify, the phrase "time is brain" yet dominates acute stroke management. Optimizing diagnostic protocols for suspected stroke requires a careful balance of data acquisition and speed, as well as taking into account available resources. We present a case of a middle-aged patient with notable risk factors for stroke presenting to the emergency department with altered mental status and suspected stroke. Radiography revealed a large subacute subdural hematoma (SDH) with a mild mass effect on the surface of the brain. The evaluation was supplemented by a computed tomography (CT) and perfusion cerebral blood flow (CBF) study indicating cortical ischemia with penumbra from the SDH compression. SDH evacuation was successfully performed, and patient recovery was achieved within the intensive care unit (ICU). Rapid data acquisition via CBF with CT imaging is crucial for guiding treatment decisions for SDHs. While protocols for ischemic stroke are well-established, SDH protocols are not studied. Thus, we discuss the value of a multimodal CT imaging approach, including CBF studies, in SDH evaluation.